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Middle English literature is written, then, in the many dialects that correspond to the history, culture, and background of the individual writers. While Anglo-Norman or Latin was preferred for high culture and administration, English literature by no means died out, and a number of important works illustrate the development of the language.
Old English religious poetry includes the poem Christ by Cynewulf and the poem The Dream of the Rood, preserved in both manuscript form and on the Ruthwell Cross.We do have some secular poetry; in fact a great deal of medieval literature was written in verse, including the Old English epic Beowulf.
In Old Saxon poetry, Old English poetry, and Middle English poetry, the term fit(t) (Old English: fitt, Middle English fit(t)(e), fyt(t)(e), Old Saxon *fittia) was used to denote a section (or canto) of a long narrative poem, and the term (spelled both as fitt and fit) is still used in modern scholarship to refer to these [1] (though in Old and Middle English the term seems actually to have ...
Accordingly, Jr. Thomas L. Reed in Medieval English Debate Poetry (1990) asserts that the teaching of debate skills in Medieval English education system created a debate culture in the society; thus, “the shared educational and social experience of debate poetry’s authors and audience informed their expectations for and appreciation of the ...
Pearl (Middle English: Perle) is a late 14th-century Middle English poem that is considered one of the most important surviving Middle English works. With elements of medieval allegory and from the dream vision genre, the poem is written in a North-West Midlands variety of Middle English and is highly—though not consistently—alliterative; there is, among other stylistic features, a complex ...
Langland's Piers Plowman (written c. 1360–87) or Visio Willelmi de Petro Plowman (William's Vision of Piers Plowman) is a Middle English allegorical narrative poem, written in unrhymed alliterative verse. [34] Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is a late 14th-century Middle English alliterative romance. It is one of the better-known Arthurian ...
The Old English epic Beowulf, as well as most other Old English poetry, the Old High German Muspilli, the Old Saxon Heliand, the Old Norse Poetic Edda, and many Middle English poems such as Piers Plowman, Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Layamon's Brut and the Alliterative Morte Arthur all use alliterative verse. [3] [4] [5] [6]
English Renaissance poetry after the Elizabethan poetry can be seen as belonging to one of three strains; the Metaphysical poets, the Cavalier poets and the school of Spenser. However, the boundaries between these three groups are not always clear and an individual poet could write in more than one manner.