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Retraction of both eardrums is less common than having a retraction in just one ear. It is more common in children with cleft palate. [2] Tympanic membrane retraction also occurs in adults. [3] [4] Attempts have been made to categorise the extent of tympanic membrane retraction [3] [4] [5] though the validity of these classifications is limited ...
A myringotomy is a surgical procedure in which an incision is created in the eardrum (tympanic membrane) to relieve pressure caused by excessive buildup of fluid, or to drain pus from the middle ear. A tympanostomy tube may be inserted through the eardrum to keep the middle ear aerated for a prolonged time and to prevent reaccumulation of fluid ...
More commonly, keratin accumulates in a pouch of tympanic membrane which extends into the middle ear space. This abnormal folding or 'retraction' of the tympanic membrane arises in one of the following ways: Jackler's theory: Mucosal coupling with traction generated by interaction of migrating opposing surfaces leading to formation of ...
In the anatomy of humans and various other tetrapods, the eardrum, also called the tympanic membrane or myringa, is a thin, cone-shaped membrane that separates the external ear from the middle ear. Its function is to transmit changes in pressure of sound from the air to the ossicles inside the middle ear, and thence to the oval window in the ...
Whilst hearing loss is a common symptom in many diseases of the ear, for example in otosclerosis (abnormal bone growth in the ear), [3] the white, chalky patches on the tympanic membrane are fairly characteristic of tympanosclerosis. Cholesteatoma is similar in appearance but the whiteness is behind the tympanic membrane, rather than inside.
Conductive hearing loss (CHL) occurs when there is a problem transferring sound waves anywhere along the pathway through the outer ear, tympanic membrane (eardrum), or middle ear . If a conductive hearing loss occurs in conjunction with a sensorineural hearing loss, it is referred to as a mixed hearing loss.
Tympanometry is an acoustic evaluation of the condition of the middle ear [1] eardrum (tympanic membrane) and the conduction bones by creating variations of air pressure in the ear canal. Tympanometry is an objective test of middle-ear function. It is not a hearing test, but rather a measure of energy transmission through the middle ear. It is ...
M2a: Mastoidectomy with only scutum removal, with tympanic membrane left intact (atticomy) M2b: Mastoidectomy with scutum and postero-superior wall removal (attico-anstrostomy) M2c: Mastoidectomy with complete canal wall removal and mastoid and middle ear exteriorization (modified radical mastoidectomy/Bondy's procedure [3] [13] or radical ...