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  2. Existential phenomenology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Existential_phenomenology

    Sartre synthesized Husserl and Heidegger's ideas. His modifications include his replacement of Husserl's concept, epoche , with Heidegger's structure of being-in-the -world . [ 9 ] His existential phenomenology, which is articulated in his works such as Being and Nothingness (1943), is based on the distinction between being-in-itself and being ...

  3. Existentialism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Existentialism

    Existentialism is a family of philosophical views and inquiry that study existence from the individual's perspective and explore the struggle to lead authentic lives despite the apparent absurdity or incomprehensibility of the universe.

  4. Existential nihilism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Existential_nihilism

    Existential nihilism is the philosophical theory that life has no objective meaning or purpose. [1] The inherent meaninglessness of life is largely explored in the philosophical school of existentialism, where one can potentially create their own subjective "meaning" or "purpose".

  5. Dasein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dasein

    In German, Dasein is the vernacular term for "existence". It is derived from da-sein, which literally means "being-there" or "there-being". [3] In a philosophical context, it was first used by Leibniz and Wolff in the 17th century, as well as by Kant and Hegel in the 18th and 19th; however, Heidegger's later association of the word with human existence was uncommon and not of special ...

  6. Existence precedes essence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Existence_precedes_essence

    The proposition that existence precedes essence (French: l'existence précède l'essence) is a central claim of existentialism, which reverses the traditional philosophical view that the essence (the nature) of a thing is more fundamental and immutable than its existence (the mere fact of its being). [1]

  7. List of philosophical concepts - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_philosophical_concepts

    Cambridge change; Camp; Cartesian other; Cartesian Self; Categorical imperative; Categorization; Category of being; Causal adequacy principle; Causality; Chakra

  8. Philosophical realism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophical_realism

    Philosophical realism—usually not treated as a position of its own but as a stance towards other subject matters—is the view that a certain kind of thing (ranging widely from abstract objects like numbers to moral statements to the physical world itself) has mind-independent existence, i.e. that it exists even in the absence of any mind perceiving it or that its existence is not just a ...

  9. Meaning of life - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meaning_of_life

    The first English use of the expression "meaning of life" appears in Thomas Carlyle's Sartor Resartus (1833–1834), book II chapter IX, "The Everlasting Yea". [1]Our Life is compassed round with Necessity; yet is the meaning of Life itself no other than Freedom, than Voluntary Force: thus have we a warfare; in the beginning, especially, a hard-fought battle.