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Parabuthus villosus, the black hairy thick-tailed scorpion, is a species of scorpion from southern Africa, where it ranges from the Northern Cape to Namibia.It is the largest species of the Buthidae, measuring up to 18 cm, [1] and its diet may include lizards and mice. [2]
Parabuthus, commonly known as the thick-tailed scorpion, is a genus of large and highly venomous Afrotropical scorpions, that show a preference for areas of low rainfall. [ 1 ] [ 3 ] Their stings are medically important and human fatalities have been recorded.
Parabuthus villosus; This page was last edited on 26 August 2015, at 16:01 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License ...
The Buthidae are the largest family of scorpions, containing about 100 genera and 1339 species as of 2022. [2] A few very large genera (Ananteris, Centruroides, Compsobuthus, or Tityus) are known, but a high number of species-poor or monotypic ones also exist. [2]
Parabuthus transvaalicus is a dangerous, medically significant scorpion, which can both sting and spray its kurtoxin venom. [2] The first droplet of venom differs from the rest, and is referred to as "pre-venom". [4] A further potassium channel inhibitor, parabutoxin, has been isolated from the venom of P. transvaalicus. [5]
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Bestoxin is a neurotoxin from the venom of the South African spitting (or fattail) scorpion Parabuthus transvaalicus. Most likely, it targets sodium channel function, thus promoting spontaneous and repetitive neuronal firing. Following injection into mice, it causes non-lethal writhing behaviour.
The genus was erected by the French ornithologist Alfred Malherbe in 1845 with Strickland's woodpecker (Leuconotopicus stricklandi) as the type species. [1] The name Leuconotopicus combines the Ancient Greek leukos meaning "white", nōton meaning "back" and pikos meaning "woodpecker". [2]