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The effect of the tert-butyl group on the progress of a chemical reaction is called the Thorpe–Ingold effect illustrated in the Diels-Alder reaction below. Compared to a hydrogen substituent, the tert-butyl substituent accelerates the reaction rate by a factor of 240. [2] tert-Butyl effect. The tert-butyl effect is an example of steric hindrance.
As each phenol group contains only a single t-butyl group they are considered to have low steric hindrance and thus high activity. Arranging three of these around an isocyanurate core gives a compound with a sufficiently high boiling point that it is not volatilised out of the plastic during plastic extrusion and moulding (up to 320 °C in the case of PA).
Tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) isocyanurate is a chemical compound used as a polymer stabilizer in plastics. Like other hindered phenols it acts as a primary antioxidant. More than 1000 tonnes per year are used in the EU.
Tetra-n-butylammonium fluoride, commonly abbreviated to TBAF and n-Bu 4 NF, is a quaternary ammonium salt with the chemical formula (CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2) 4 N + F −. It is commercially available as the white solid trihydrate and as a solution in tetrahydrofuran. TBAF is used as a source of fluoride ion in organic solvents. [1]
4-Fluoroaniline can be prepared by the hydrogenation of 4-nitrofluorobenzene. [2] It is a common building block in medicinal chemistry and related fields. [3] For example, it is a precursor to the fungicide fluoroimide or the fentanyl analogue parafluorofentanyl. It has also been evaluated for the production of ligands for homogeneous catalysis ...
The tert-butoxide is a strong, non-nucleophilic base in organic chemistry. It readily abstracts acidic protons from substrates, but its steric bulk inhibits the group from participating in nucleophilic substitution, such as in a Williamson ether synthesis or an S N 2 reaction. tert-Butyl alcohol reacts with hydrogen chloride to form tert-butyl ...
tert-Butylbenzene is an organic compound classified as an aromatic hydrocarbon. Its structure consists of a benzene ring substituted with a tert -butyl group . It is a flammable colorless liquid which is nearly insoluble in water but miscible with organic solvents.
Tetrabutylammonium is a quaternary ammonium cation with the formula [N(C 4 H 9) 4] +, also denoted [NBu 4] + (where Bu = butyl group). It is used in the research laboratory to prepare lipophilic salts of inorganic anions. Relative to tetraethylammonium derivatives, tetrabutylammonium salts are more lipophilic but crystallize less readily.