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Pantothenic acid is the combination of pantoic acid and β-alanine. Its name comes from the Greek πάντοθεν pantothen, meaning "from everywhere", because pantothenic acid, at least in small amounts, is in almost all foods. [6] [8] [7] Deficiency of pantothenic acid is very rare in humans.
The SMVT is a transporter for pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) and biotin (vitamin B7) at the blood–brain barrier. [8] It is also a transporter for lipoic acid [9] and iodide. Transport of these nutrients is competitive [10] and a surplus of a given nutrient may saturate the transporter and prevent the uptake of other nutrients.
Pantothenic acid is involved in the oxidation of fatty acids and carbohydrates. Coenzyme A, which can be synthesised from pantothenic acid, is involved in the synthesis of amino acids, fatty acids, ketone bodies, cholesterol, [15] [better source needed] phospholipids, steroid hormones, neurotransmitters (such as acetylcholine), and antibodies. [16]
Discover what this essential B vitamin can do for your body and whether you need more in your diet.
3-Methylcrotonyl-CoA is an intermediate step in the catabolism of the amino acid leucine. Without biotin, the pathway diverts to 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid. Urinary excretion of this compound is an early and sensitive indicator of biotin deficiency. [2] [4]
Vitamin B 5 (pantothenic acid) Vitamin B 6 group: Pyridoxine; Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate; Pyridoxamine; Vitamin B 7 (biotin) Vitamin B 9 (folate) Vitamin B 12 (cobalamin) Choline; Vitamin A (e.g. retinol (see also - provitamin A carotenoids)) Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) Vitamin D. Ergocalciferol; Cholecalciferol; Vitamin E (tocopherols and ...
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