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Xanthochromia, from the Greek xanthos (ξανθός) "yellow" and chroma (χρώμα) "colour", is the yellowish appearance of cerebrospinal fluid that occurs several hours after bleeding into the subarachnoid space caused by certain medical conditions, most commonly subarachnoid hemorrhage. [1]
However, patients with confirmed CSF leaks may also demonstrate completely normal opening pressures. In 18–46% of cases, the CSF pressure is measured within the normal range. [24] [73] [74] [75] Analysis of spinal fluid may demonstrate lymphocytic pleocytosis and elevated protein content or xanthochromia. This is hypothesized to be due to ...
In newborns, CSF pressure ranges from 8 to 10 cmH 2 O (4.4–7.3 mmHg or 0.78–0.98 kPa). Most variations are due to coughing or internal compression of jugular veins in the neck. When lying down, the CSF pressure as estimated by lumbar puncture is similar to the intracranial pressure .
The glucose level in CSF is proportional to the blood glucose level and corresponds to 60-70% of the concentration in blood. [4] Therefore, normal CSF glucose levels lie between 2.5 and 4.4 mmol/L (45–80 mg/dL). [5]
A suboccipital puncture or cisternal puncture is a diagnostic procedure that can be performed in order to collect a sample of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for biochemical, microbiological, and cytological analysis, or rarely to relieve increased intracranial pressure.
Intracranial pressure (ICP) is the pressure exerted by fluids such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inside the skull and on the brain tissue. ICP is measured in millimeters of mercury and at rest, is normally 7–15 mmHg for a supine adult.
Analysis of data from this trial has indicated a 7% lower eight-year mortality rate with coiling, [33] a high rate of aneurysm recurrence in aneurysms treated with coiling—from 28.6 to 33.6% within a year, [34] [35] a 6.9 times greater rate of late retreatment for coiled aneurysms, [36] and a rate of rebleeding 8 times higher than surgically ...
Lumbar puncture (LP), also known as a spinal tap, is a medical procedure in which a needle is inserted into the spinal canal, most commonly to collect cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for diagnostic testing. The main reason for a lumbar puncture is to help diagnose diseases of the central nervous system, including the brain and