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  2. TCEP - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCEP

    TCEP is often used as a reducing agent to break disulfide bonds within and between proteins as a preparatory step for gel electrophoresis.. Compared to the other two most common agents used for this purpose (dithiothreitol and β-mercaptoethanol), TCEP has the advantages of being odorless, a more powerful reducing agent, an irreversible reducing agent (in the sense that TCEP does not ...

  3. Dithiobutylamine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dithiobutylamine

    Dithiobutylamine (DTBA) is a reducing agent intended as an alternative for DTT in biochemical uses. It was designed to be easily synthesized in non-racemic form, to have a lower pKa (allowing more effective reduction at neutral pH), and to have a low disulfide E°′ reduction potential. [1]

  4. Dithiothreitol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dithiothreitol

    Dithiothreitol (DTT) is an organosulfur compound with the formula (CH(OH)CH 2 SH) 2. A colorless compound, it is classified as a dithiol and a diol . DTT is redox reagent also known as Cleland's reagent , after W. Wallace Cleland . [ 2 ]

  5. 2-Mercaptoethanol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2-Mercaptoethanol

    2-Mercaptoethanol is often used interchangeably with dithiothreitol (DTT) or the odorless tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP) in biological applications. Although 2-mercaptoethanol has a higher volatility than DTT, it is more stable: 2-mercaptoethanol's half-life is more than 100 hours at pH 6.5 and 4 hours at pH 8.5; DTT's half-life is 40 ...

  6. Piping and instrumentation diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piping_and_instrumentation...

    Piping and instrumentation diagram of pump with storage tank. Symbols according to EN ISO 10628 and EN 62424. A more complex example of a P&ID. A piping and instrumentation diagram (P&ID) is defined as follows: A diagram which shows the interconnection of process equipment and the instrumentation used to control the process.

  7. Desmodromic valve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desmodromic_valve

    A desmodromic valve is a reciprocating engine poppet valve that is positively closed by a cam and leverage system, rather than by a more conventional spring. The valves in a typical four-stroke engine allow the air/fuel mixture into the cylinder at the beginning of the cycle and exhaust spent gases at the end of the cycle. In a conventional ...

  8. List of valves - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_valves

    Choke valve, Butterfly valve used to limit air intake in internal combustion engine. (Not to be confused with choke valves used in industrial flow control, above.) Clapper valve: a type of check valve used in the Siamese fire appliance to allow only one hose to be connected instead of two (the clapper valve blocks the other side from leaking out)

  9. Pentode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentode

    The term most commonly applies to a three-grid amplifying vacuum tube or thermionic valve that was invented by Gilles Holst and Bernhard D.H. Tellegen in 1926. [1] The pentode (called a triple-grid amplifier in some literature [ 2 ] ) was developed from the screen-grid tube or shield-grid tube (a type of tetrode tube) by the addition of a grid ...