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Circumvallate placenta is a rare condition affecting about 1-2% of ... The appearance of a circumvallate placenta on ultrasound may present with irregular edges ...
The anomaly scan, also sometimes called the anatomy scan, 20-week ultrasound, or level 2 ultrasound, evaluates anatomic structures of the fetus, placenta, and maternal pelvic organs. This scan is an important and common component of routine prenatal care . [ 1 ]
Circumvallate placenta A circumvallate placenta refers to when the foetal membrane wraps twice around, over the foetal side around the edge of the placenta . This is to compensate for an undersized chorionic plate resulting in a decreased nutritional supply to the foetus.
Histopathology of placenta with increased syncytial knotting of chorionic villi, with two knots pointed out. The following characteristics of placentas have been said to be associated with placental insufficiency, however all of them occur in normal healthy placentas and full term healthy births, so none of them can be used to accurately diagnose placental insufficiency: [citation needed]
Placenta praevia is when the placenta attaches inside the uterus but in a position near or over the cervical opening. [1] Symptoms include vaginal bleeding in the second half of pregnancy . [ 1 ] The bleeding is bright red and tends not to be associated with pain. [ 1 ]
Ultrasound can be used to predict malpresentation of the fetus. [11] In examination of the cervix once labor has begun, all examinations are compared to regular cervical assessments. The comparison between the average cervical assessment and the current state of the mother allows for a diagnosis of obstructed labor. [ 1 ]
An important risk factor for placenta accreta is placenta previa in the presence of a uterine scar. Placenta previa is an independent risk factor for placenta accreta. Additional reported risk factors for placenta accreta include maternal age and multiparity, other prior uterine surgery, prior uterine curettage, uterine irradiation, endometrial ablation, Asherman syndrome, uterine leiomyomata ...
Velamentous cord insertion is often diagnosed using an abdominal ultrasound. [3] [4] This is most successful in the second trimester, [13] however Color Doppler ultrasound [14] or transvaginal ultrasound [15] can be used in difficult cases, such as when the placenta is located