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The tribes trained and used horses to ride and to carry packs or pull travois. The people fully incorporated the use of horses into their societies and expanded their territories. They used horses to carry goods for exchange with neighboring tribes, to hunt game, especially bison, and to conduct wars and horse raids.
During this era, the Indian Removal Act of 1830 was passed, leading to the genocide of many eastern Indian tribes. [25] The final treaty with Native Americans which was known as The End of Treating Making 1871 [ 26 ] marked the end of government recognition of Indian tribes and introduced the creation of Indian reservations that continue to the ...
Native American woman at work. Life in society varies from tribe to tribe and region to region, but some general perspectives of women include that they "value being mothers and rearing healthy families; spiritually, they are considered to be extensions of the Spirit Mother and continuators of their people; socially, they serve as transmitters of cultural knowledge and caretakers of children ...
In the early 20th century, Native American women became active in advocating for civil rights, including citizenship and voting rights. [3] The Indian Citizenship Act of 1924 granted U.S. citizenship to Native Americans, but many states continued to deny Native people, including women, the right to vote until after the passage of the Voting ...
All children traditionally learn how to cook, follow tracks, skin leather, sew stitches, ride horses, and use weapons. [2] Typically, women gather vegetation such as fruits, roots, and seeds. Women would often prepare the food. Men would use weapons and tools to hunt animals such as buffalos. [3]
[38] [23] During this time records also show that many Native American women bought African men but, unknown to the European sellers, the women freed and married the men into their tribe. [48] Though the Indian slave trade ended the practice of enslaving Native Americans continued, records from June 28, 1771 show Native American children were ...
Although these tribes were consistent threats, the Iroquois became the most pressing enemy of the Illinois beginning in the late 1600s. [27] The Iroquois, hoping to replace deceased kin through adoption and looking for new hunting grounds after exhausting their own resources, killed or captured many Illinois people through their war parties.
Elizabeth Cady lived in close proximity to the Seneca tribe of the Iroquois and had a relative and a neighbor who was adopted by the Seneca tribe as well. [234] Women also held an important position to be Agoianders or to elect them. The Agoianders positions was to watch over the public treasury and hold the chief accountable. [235]