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  2. Mountain reindeer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountain_reindeer

    The mountain reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus), also called the Norwegian reindeer, northern reindeer, common reindeer or mountain caribou, is a mid-sized to large subspecies of the reindeer that is native to the western Scandinavian Peninsula, particularly Norway. In Norway, it is called fjellrein, villrein or tundra-rein.

  3. Cultural depictions of bears - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_depictions_of_bears

    Bears, like other animals, may symbolize nations. The Eurasian brown bear has been used to personify Russia since the early 19th century. [22] In 1911, the British satirical magazine Punch published a cartoon about the Anglo-Russian Entente by Leonard Raven-Hill in which the British lion watches as the Russian bear sits on the tail of the ...

  4. Magdalenian - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magdalenian

    The best of Magdalenian artworks are a mammoth engraved on a fragment of its own ivory; [dubious – discuss] a dagger of reindeer antler, with a handle in the form of a reindeer; a cave-bear cut on a flat piece of schist; a seal on a bear's tooth; a fish drawn on a reindeer antler; and a complete picture, also on reindeer antler, showing ...

  5. Bear worship - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bear_worship

    The Ainu Iomante ceremony (bear sending). Japanese scroll painting, circa 1870. Bear worship is the religious practice of the worshipping of bears found in many North Eurasian ethnic religions such as among the Sami, Nivkh, Ainu, [1] Basques, [2] Germanic peoples, Slavs and Finns. [3]

  6. Reindeer in Siberian shamanism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reindeer_in_Siberian_Shamanism

    The reindeer to be sacrificed have coloured cloths tied to their necks, and the different colours hold special meanings: white is associated with the sky, black is associated with the underworld, and red is associated with earthly mortality. The gender of the reindeer should be the same as that of the spirit to whom it is being offered.

  7. Scytho-Siberian art - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scytho-Siberian_art

    Scytho-Siberian art is the art associated with the cultures of the Scytho-Siberian world, primarily consisting of decorative objects such as jewellery, produced by the nomadic tribes of the Eurasian Steppe, with the western edges of the region vaguely defined by ancient Greeks.

  8. Reindeer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reindeer

    [2] [41] The word reindeer is an anglicized version of the Old Norse words hreinn ("reindeer") and dýr ("animal") and has nothing to do with reins. [42] The word caribou comes through French, from the Mi'kmaq qalipu, meaning "snow shoveler", and refers to its habit of pawing through the snow for food. [43]

  9. Sámi shamanism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sámi_shamanism

    The symbol of the world tree or pillar, which reaches up to the North Star and is similar to that found in Finnish mythology, may also be present. [ 3 ] Laib Olmai , the forest spirit of some of the Sámi people, is traditionally associated with forest animals, which are regarded as his herds, and he is said to grant either good or bad luck in ...