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2. List of grand dukes of Tuscany - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_grand_dukes_of_Tuscany

   The title of Grand Duke, was in fact the second title of recognition within the Tuscan politics given by a Pope to the Medici family, the first being that of Duke of the Florentine Republic, created by Pope Clement VII in 1532. [3] [4] The official residence of the Grand Dukes was the Palazzo Pitti in Florence, bought by the Medici in 1549. [5]

3. Grand Duchy of Tuscany - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Tuscany

   Grand Duke Ferdinand I sought to expand Tuscany's naval strength during his reign, and cooperated with the Order of Saint Stephen, which often blurred the line between itself and the Tuscan navy. The Order in 1604 counted among its fleet 6 galleys, 3 roundships/ bertoni , 2 transports, 1 galleon, and 1 galleass, supplemented by other ships ...

4. Francesco I de' Medici - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesco_I_de'_Medici

   Francesco I of Tuscany as a young boy, painted by Bronzino. Born in Florence, Francesco was the son of Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, and Eleanor of Toledo. [1] He served as regent for his father Cosimo after he retired from his governing duties in 1564.

5. Francesco de' Medici (1614–1634) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesco_de'_Medici_(1614...

   Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany: 4. Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany: 9. Eleonora di Toledo: 2. Cosimo II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany: 10. Charles III, Duke of Lorraine: 5. Christina of Lorraine: 11. Claude of Valois: 1. Francesco de' Medici: 12. Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor: 6. Charles II of Austria: 13. Anna ...

6. Ferdinando II de' Medici - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinando_II_de'_Medici

   Ferdinando II de' Medici (14 July 1610 – 23 May 1670) was grand duke of Tuscany from 1621 to 1670. He was the eldest son of Cosimo II de' Medici and Maria Maddalena of Austria . Remembered by his contemporaries as a man of culture and science, he actively participated in the Accademia del Cimento , the first official scientific society in ...

7. Cosimo II de' Medici - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosimo_II_de'_Medici

   Cosimo II de' Medici (12 May 1590 – 28 February 1621) was Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1609 until his death. He was the elder son of Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, and Christina of Lorraine. For the majority of his twelve-year reign, he delegated the administration of Tuscany to his ministers.

8. Cosimo III de' Medici - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosimo_III_de'_Medici

   Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, Cosimo III's father, and Vittoria Della Rovere, his mother, by Justus Sustermans. Cosimo de' Medici was born on 14 August 1642, the eldest surviving son of Vittoria della Rovere of Urbino, and Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany. Their previous two children had died shortly after ...

9. Category : Royal houses of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Royal_houses_of...

   The Royal houses, of which members ruled the Grand Duchy of Tuscany (and/or its predecessor or successor States), a central Italian monarchy that existed as the March of Tuscany (846–1198), the Republic of Florence (1115–1532), the Duchy of Florence (1532–1569), and the Grand Duchy of Tuscany (1569–1801 and 1815–1859), following which it was merged into the United Provinces of ...