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Montevideo units are a method of measuring uterine performance during labor. They were created in 1949 by two physicians, Roberto Caldeyro-Barcia and Hermogenes Alvarez, from Montevideo, Uruguay. They are exactly equal to 1 mmHg within 10 minutes.
It is based on the observation that this measurement does not change much in children between 6 months and five years old, so comparison to a "normal" measurement is useful. Based on analysis of field results, MUAC < 125mm corresponds to Global Acute Malnutrition and MUAC < 115mm with or without Oedema corresponds to Severe Acute Malnutrition. [11]
The standard definition of a reference range for a particular measurement is defined as the interval between which 95% of values of a reference population fall into, in such a way that 2.5% of the time a value will be less than the lower limit of this interval, and 2.5% of the time it will be larger than the upper limit of this interval, whatever the distribution of these values.
A partogram or partograph is a composite graphical record of key data (maternal and fetal) during labour entered against time on a single sheet of paper. Relevant measurements might include statistics such as cervical dilation, fetal heart rate, duration of labour and vital signs. [1] In, 1954 Friedman prepared the cervicography. [2]
Doctors and pregnant women should have a discussion of risks and benefits when considering an induction of labor in the absence of an accepted medical indication. [14] There is insufficient evidence to determine if inducing a woman's labor at home is a safe and effective approach for both the women and the baby. [17]
Precipitate delivery (also called rapid labor) refers to childbirth after an unusually rapid labor. It is typically defined expulsion of the infant within 3 hours of regular contractions starting, although some providers consider anything less than 5 hours to be precipitous. In contrast, typical labor lasts between 6 and 18 hours on average.
Research shows that routine obstetric ultrasound before 24 weeks' gestational age can significantly reduce the risk of failing to recognize multiple gestations and can improve pregnancy dating to reduce the risk of labor induction for post-dates pregnancy. There is no difference, however, in perinatal death or poor outcomes for infants. [3]
Normal: 5 or fewer contractions in 10 minutes, averaged over a 30-minute window Uterine tachysystole : more than 5 contractions in 10 minutes, averaged over a 30-minute window Baseline fetal heart rate