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In 1627, Duke Vincent II deceased without heirs, ending the original line of Gonzagas. From 1628 to 1631, a succession war was fought between the Duke of Guastalla, supported by the Holy Roman Empire, and the Duke of Nevers, supported by France, for the control of the Duchy of Mantua. Finally, the Duke of Nevers was recognized as only Duke.
The Duchy of Mantua (Italian: Ducato di Mantova; Lombard: Ducaa de Mantua) was a duchy in Lombardy, northern Italy. Its first duke was Federico II Gonzaga , member of the House of Gonzaga that ruled Mantua since 1328. [ 1 ]
Born in Mantua, he was the son of Vincenzo I and Eleonora de' Medici. [1]He was appointed a cardinal at the age of 20. A few years after his elder brother, Duke Francesco IV, died in 1612 without male heirs, he renounced the ecclesiastical career and succeeded his brother in both the Duchy of Mantua and the Duchy of Montferrat.
Better known as Duke of Nevers and Rethel. Married heiress Maria Gonzaga. [1] They were parents to Eleanor of Mantua consort of the Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand III, and Charles II, Duke of Mantua and Monferrat. Ferdinand Gonzaga, Duke of Mayenne (1610 – 25 May 1632) [1] Marie Louise Gonzaga (18 August 1611 – 10 May 1667).
The House of Gonzaga (US: / ɡ ə n ˈ z ɑː ɡ ə, ɡ ɒ n-,-ˈ z æ ɡ-/, [2] Italian: [ɡonˈdzaːɡa]) is an Italian princely family that ruled Mantua in Lombardy, northern Italy from 1328 to 1708 (first as a captaincy-general, then margraviate, and finally duchy).
Although Olivares accepted 'the duke of Nevers is the legitimate heir to all the Mantuan territories', Spain now recognised Guastalla as Duke of Mantua. [17] Nevers raised another 6,600 men [b] by mortgaging his French estates, most of whom were ambushed and destroyed by Charles Emmanuel while crossing the Alps. [18]
The duke denied everything, but concluded a new pact with the French in 1681, obtaining thereby a yearly pension of sixty thousand lire, a career as an army general, and a part in any future French conquests in Italy. The French occupied Casale on 29 September 1681 and the Duke of Mantua lost respect in Italy.
Guglielmo Gonzaga (24 April 1538 – 14 August 1587) was Duke of Mantua from 1550 to 1587, and of Montferrat from 1574 to 1587. He was the second son of Federico II Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua and Margaret Palaeologina of Montferrat. [1] In 1574, Montferrat was elevated to a Duchy and Guglielmo became its first duke.