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The broad crested weir at the Thorp grist mill in Thorp, Washington, US. Commonly, weirs are used to prevent flooding, measure water discharge, and help render rivers more navigable by boat. In some locations, the terms dam and weir are synonymous, but normally there is a clear distinction made between the structures. Usually, a dam is designed ...
The Weir formula is a formula used in indirect calorimetry, relating metabolic rate to oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production. According to original source, it says: [ 1 ] Metabolic rate (kcal per day) = 1.440 (3.9 VO 2 + 1.1 VCO 2 )
A drop structure, also known as a grade control, sill, or weir, is a manmade structure, typically small and built on minor streams, or as part of a dam's spillway, to pass water to a lower elevation while controlling the energy and velocity of the water as it passes over.
In hydraulic engineering, a nappe is a sheet or curtain of water that flows over a weir or dam. The upper and lower water surface have well-defined characteristics that are created by the crest of a dam or weir. [1] Both structures have different features that characterize how a nappe might flow through or over impervious concrete structures. [2]
Hydraulic jump in a rectangular channel, also known as classical jump, is a natural phenomenon that occurs whenever flow changes from supercritical to subcritical flow. In this transition, the water surface rises abruptly, surface rollers are formed, intense mixing occurs, air is entrained, and often a large amount of energy is dissipated.
In 1883, Francis completed his calculation standards for water flow rates, now known as the Francis equation or Francis formula, usually used in fluid dynamics in conjunction with calculating weirs. The equation is = / where: Q is the discharge in cubic feet per second over the weir,
A broad swath of dense forest was washed away and scoured to bedrock by the escaping flow. Aerial photos show the upper reservoir before and after its failure. At 5:12 a.m. on December 14, 2005, the northwest side of the upper reservoir was overtopped when water continued to be pumped from the lower reservoir after the upper was full.
H = depth of flow over the crest (or floor) of the inlet (ft) H e = specific energy head in reference to the crest of the inlet, or the head over the crest of the inlet (ft) v a = mean velocity of approach at which the depth H is measured (ft/s) g = 32.16 ft/s 2