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= the beneficial effect of the density of species j on species i. Mutualism is in essence the logistic growth equation modified for mutualistic interaction. The mutualistic interaction term represents the increase in population growth of one species as a result of the presence of greater numbers of another species.
A mutual-benefit nonprofit corporation or membership corporation is a type of nonprofit corporation in the US, similar to other mutual benefit organizations found in some of common law nations, chartered by government with a mandate to serve the mutual benefit of its members.
Biological interactions range from mutualism, beneficial to both partners, to competition, harmful to both partners. Interactions can be direct when physical contact is established or indirect, through intermediaries such as shared resources, territories, ecological services, metabolic waste, toxins or growth inhibitors.
The definition of symbiosis was a matter of debate for 130 years. [7] In 1877, ... It is putatively mutually beneficial, but biologists have long debated whether it ...
This is also called mutually beneficial cooperation as both actor and recipient depend on direct fitness benefits, which are broken down into two different types: by-product benefit and enforcement. By-product benefit arises as a consequence of social partners having a shared interest in cooperation.
Mutually beneficial social interactions provide a direct fitness benefit to both individuals involved, while outweighing any cost of performing the behaviour. [3] In an environment with individual microbes, mutualism is most often performed in order to increase individual fitness benefit.
A strategic alliance is an agreement between two or more players to share resources or knowledge, to be beneficial to all parties involved. It is a way to supplement internal assets, capabilities and activities, with access to needed resources or processes from outside players such as suppliers, customers, competitors, companies in different industries, brand owners, universities, institutes ...
The winning definition stated that: "Public relations is a strategic communication process that builds mutually beneficial relationships between organizations and their publics." [13] The UK-based Chartered Institute of Public Relations focuses its definition on reputation: