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A pitot–static system is a system of pressure-sensitive instruments that is most often used in aviation to determine an aircraft's airspeed, Mach number, altitude, and altitude trend. A pitot–static system generally consists of a pitot tube, a static port, and the pitot–static instruments. [1]
The air pressure in the vicinity of the static port is conveyed by a conduit to the altimeter and the airspeed indicator. This static port and the conduit constitute the aircraft's static system. The objective of the static system is to sense the pressure of the air at the altitude at which the aircraft is flying.
It does this by giving an accurate measurement of the ambient atmospheric pressure (static pressure) well clear of the aircraft's fuselage. The trailing cone system trails at least one fuselage length behind the aircraft (SpaceAge Control) via a high-strength pressure tube. Static pressure is measured forward of the cone by several static ports.
A pitot-static system generally consists of a pitot tube, a static port, and the pitot-static instruments. [5] Errors in pitot-static system readings can be extremely dangerous as the information obtained from the pitot static system, such as airspeed, is potentially safety-critical. Several commercial airline incidents and accidents have been ...
The pitot tube may become blocked, because of insects, dirt or failure to remove the pitot cover. A blockage will prevent ram air from entering the system. If the pitot opening is blocked, but the drain hole is open, the system pressure will drop to ambient pressure, and the ASI pointer will drop to a zero reading. If both the opening and drain ...
Indicated airspeed (IAS) is the airspeed of an aircraft as measured by its pitot-static system [1] and displayed by the airspeed indicator (ASI). [2] This is the pilots' primary airspeed reference.
An air data computer with inputs of pitot and static pressures is able to provide a Mach number and, if static temperature is known, true airspeed. [citation needed] Some authors in the field of compressible flows use the term dynamic pressure or compressible dynamic pressure instead of impact pressure. [3] [4]
Leak testing A pressure sensor may be used to sense the decay of pressure due to a system leak. This is commonly done by either comparison to a known leak using differential pressure, or by means of utilizing the pressure sensor to measure pressure change over time.