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As was discovered in 1993, the disease is caused by a mutation in a gene called Huntingtin, which is necessary for brain development and to maintain brain cell function. People who inherit the ...
Human karyogram. Neurogenetics studies the role of genetics in the development and function of the nervous system.It considers neural characteristics as phenotypes (i.e. manifestations, measurable or not, of the genetic make-up of an individual), and is mainly based on the observation that the nervous systems of individuals, even of those belonging to the same species, may not be identical.
The development of the nervous system in humans, or neural development, or neurodevelopment involves the studies of embryology, developmental biology, and neuroscience. These describe the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which the complex nervous system forms in humans, develops during prenatal development, and continues to develop postnatally.
Huntington's disease (HD) is a rare autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations in the huntingtin gene (HTT). HD is characterized by loss of medium spiny neurons and astrogliosis. [30] [31] [32] The first brain region to be substantially affected is the striatum, followed by degeneration of the frontal and temporal ...
Germline mutations can occur before fertilization and during various stages of zygote development. [3] When the mutation arises will determine the effect it has on offspring. If the mutation arises in either the sperm or the oocyte before development, then the mutation will be present in every cell in the individual's body. [4]
A major section of an organism therefore might carry the same mutation, especially if that mutation occurs at earlier stages of development. [2] Somatic mutations that occur later in an organism's life can be hard to detect, as they may affect only a single cell—for instance, a post- mitotic neuron; [ 3 ] [ 4 ] improvements in single cell ...
Trinucleotide repeat expansion, is a DNA mutation that is responsible for causing any type of disorder classified as a trinucleotide repeat disorder. These disorders are progressive and affect the sequences of the human genome, frequently within the nervous system.
Developmental plasticity is a general term referring to changes in neural connections during development as a result of environmental interactions as well as neural changes induced by learning. [1] Much like neuroplasticity , or brain plasticity, developmental plasticity is specific to the change in neurons and synaptic connections as a ...