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John (24 December 1166 – 19 October 1216) was King of England from 1199 until his death in 1216. He lost the Duchy of Normandy and most of his other French lands to King Philip II of France, resulting in the collapse of the Angevin Empire and contributing to the subsequent growth in power of the French Capetian dynasty during the 13th century.
John was himself a future king of England, the son of Henry II of England, and had been declared Lord of Ireland by his father at the Council of Oxford in 1177. Despite his own ambitions for the Kingdom of Jerusalem, John Lackland was sent west to Ireland by his father and landed at Waterford in April 1185.
The movie has the Knights Templar as among the ringleaders in the battle against John Lackland. In reality, the Templars and King John had a cordial relation and they were one of the few powerful groups in England which John did not offend or alienate during his reign, and the order was amongst his financial backers providing him with the ...
In 1202, the King of England, John Lackland, had the Duchy of Normandy confiscated by the King of France, Philip Augustus, for disobeying his orders. Following the French military conquest of the whole of Normandy, with the exception of the Channel Islands , the province came under the direct control of the French crown, which implemented the ...
On 18 September 1214, in Chinon, Philip signed a truce for five years. John returned to England in 1214. By the Treaty of Chinon, John Lackland abandoned all his possessions to the north of the Loire: Berry, Touraine, Maine and Anjou returned to the royal domain, which then covered a third of France, greatly enlarged and free from external threat.
King John "Lackland" 1166–1216 Gules, three lions passant guardant Or [10] Son of: King Henry II and Queen Eleanor. Queen Isabella: 1188–1246 Lozengy, Or and Gules (Angoulême) [12] Daughter of: Aymer of Angoulême and Alice of Courtenay. Married to: King John; 1200–1216.
The standard title for monarchs from Æthelstan until John was "King of the English". In 1016 Cnut the Great, a Dane, was the first to call himself "King of England". In the Norman period "King of the English" remained standard, with occasional use of "King of England" or Rex Anglie. From John's reign onwards all other titles were eschewed in ...
"the Young King" 1155–1183 Duke of Normandy r. 1170–1183 in his father's lifetime: Richard IV "Lionheart" 1157–1199 11th Duke of Normandy, King of England as "Richard I" r. 1189–1199: John "Lackland" 1166–1216 12th Duke of Normandy, King of England r. 1199–1216: Henry III 1207–1272 13th Duke of Normandy r. 1216–1259 King of ...