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In Paul's thinking, instead of humanity divided as "Israel and the nations" which is the classic understanding of Judaism, we have "Israel after the flesh" (i.e., the Jewish people), non-Jews whom he calls "the nations," (i.e., Gentiles) and a new people called "the church of God" made of all those whom he designates as "in Christ" (1 Corinthians 10:32).
Boyarin in particular reads Paul as a 'Jewish thinker', one who 'lived and died convinced he was a Jew living out Judaism.' [390] He features in an oratorio (by Felix Mendelssohn), a painting (by Ludwig Meidner) and a play (by Franz Werfel), [391] and there have been several novels about Paul (by Shalom Asch and Samuel Sandmel). [392]
Jesus was Jewish, preached to the Jewish people, and called from them his first followers. According to McGrath, Jewish Christians, as faithful religious Jews, "regarded their movement as an affirmation of every aspect of contemporary Judaism, with the addition of one extra belief – that Jesus was the Messiah."
Paul, who called himself "Apostle to the Gentiles", [29] [30] criticised the practice of circumcision, perhaps as an entrance into the New Covenant of Jesus. In the case of Timothy, whose mother was a Jewish Christian but whose father was a Greek, Paul personally circumcised him "because of the Jews" that were in town.
This is why Paul named him over Peter, who usually comes first in all lists of apostles, as the main partner in his negotiations on the Gentile mission. His companion Barnabas, a Levite from Cyprus, played an important role in this. Due to his diaspora background, he was able to mediate between Greek-speaking and Aramaic-speaking early Christians.
I am a 65-year-old Jewish American and a retired professor of history who, for many years, has taught and written on Palestine, Israel, and the path to a just peace for all, Jewish Israelis and ...
“Bottom line: there was one person, in a building of 18,000+, that was triggered by sign that says “I’m a Jew and I’m proud,” said Zippel, “Why that bothers him so, to the point that ...
Sanders, E. P. Paul the Law and the Jewish People 1983; Sanders, E. P. Paul and Palestinian Judaism: A Comparison of Patterns of Religion 1977 ISBN 0-8006-1899-8; Theissen, Gerd. The Social Setting of Pauline Christianity: Essays on Corinth 2004; Westerholm, Stephen. Perspectives Old and New on Paul: The "Lutheran" Paul and His Critics 2003 ...