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Ruthenium(IV) oxide is the inorganic compound with the formula Ru O 2. This black solid is the most common oxide of ruthenium . It is widely used as an electrocatalyst for producing chlorine, chlorine oxides, and O 2 . [ 1 ]
Electronics is the largest use of ruthenium. [23] Ru metal is particularly nonvolatile, which is advantageous in microelectronic devices. Ru and its main oxide RuO 2 have comparable electrical resistivities. [70] Copper can be directly electroplated onto ruthenium, [71] particular applications include barrier layers, transistor gates, and ...
Ruthenium can be oxidized to ruthenium(IV) oxide (RuO 2, oxidation state +4), which can, in turn, be oxidized by sodium metaperiodate to the volatile yellow tetrahedral ruthenium tetroxide, RuO 4, an aggressive, strong oxidizing agent with structure and properties analogous to osmium tetroxide.
Ruthenium oxide may refer to either of the following: Ruthenium(IV) oxide, RuO 2; Ruthenium(VIII) oxide, RuO 4 This page was last edited on 13 May 2022 ...
Naturally occurring platinum and platinum-rich alloys were known by pre-Columbian Americans for many years. [5] However, even though the metal was used by pre-Columbian peoples, the first European reference to platinum appears in 1557 in the writings of the Italian humanist Julius Caesar Scaliger (1484–1558) as a description of a mysterious metal found in Central American mines between ...
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Because of the very high volatility of ruthenium tetroxide (RuO 4) ruthenium radioactive isotopes with their relative short half-life are considered as the second most hazardous gaseous isotopes after iodine-131 in case of release by a nuclear accident. [17] [4] [18] The two most important radioactive isotopes of ruthenium are 103 Ru and 106 Ru ...
The inorganic dye ammoniated ruthenium oxychloride, also known as ruthenium red, is used in histology to stain aldehyde fixed mucopolysaccharides. Ruthenium red (RR) has also been used as a pharmacological tool to study specific cellular mechanisms. Selectivity is a significant issue in such studies as RR is known to interact with many proteins ...