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The CIELAB color space, also referred to as L*a*b*, is a color space defined by the International Commission on Illumination (abbreviated CIE) in 1976. [ a ] It expresses color as three values: L* for perceptual lightness and a* and b* for the four unique colors of human vision: red, green, blue and yellow.
CIELAB produces a color space that is more perceptually linear than other color spaces. Perceptually linear means that a change of the same amount in a color value should produce a change of about the same visual importance. CIELAB has almost entirely replaced an alternative related Lab color space called “Hunter Lab”. This space is ...
To eliminate this variable, the CIE defined a color-mapping function called the standard (colorimetric) observer, to represent an average human's chromatic response within a 2° arc inside the fovea. This angle was chosen owing to the belief that the color-sensitive cones resided within a 2° arc of the fovea.
Oklab's model is fitted with improved color appearance data: CAM16 data for lightness and chroma, and IPT data for hue. The new fit addresses issues such as unexpected hue and lightness changes in blue colors present in the CIELAB color space , simplifying the creation of color schemes and smoother color gradients .
When defining a color space, the usual reference standard is the CIELAB or CIEXYZ color spaces, which were specifically designed to encompass all colors the average human can see. [1] Since "color space" identifies a particular combination of the color model and the mapping function, the word is often used informally to identify a color model.
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The "attribute of a visual sensation according to which the perceived color of an area appears to be more or less chromatic". [8] The HSL and HSV color spaces are more intuitive translations of the RGB color space, because they provide a single hue number. However, their luminance variation does not match the way humans perceive color.
English: The sRGB gamut plotted within the CIE LAB color space. L is the vertical axis; a and b are the horizontal axes. L is the vertical axis; a and b are the horizontal axes. The illuminant for the material is D65, but there are also additional lights shining upon it, as well as some ambient glow.