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To perform fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy (FCCS), samples of interest are first labeled with fluorescent probes of different colours. The FCCS setup typically includes a confocal microscope, two laser sources, and two detectors. The confocal microscope is used to focus the laser beams and collect the fluorescence signals. The ...
A basic diagram of a fluorescence correlation spectroscopy instrument. The typical FCS setup consists of a laser line (wavelengths ranging typically from 405–633 nm , and from 690–1100 nm (pulsed)), which is reflected into a microscope objective by a dichroic mirror. The laser beam is focused in the sample, which contains fluorescent ...
Flow injection analysis (FIA) was first described by Ruzicka and Hansen in Denmark in 1974 and Stewart and coworkers in United States in 1979. FIA is a popular, simple, rapid, and versatile technique which is a well-established position in modern analytical chemistry, and widespread application in quantitative chemical analysis.
Fluorescence spectroscopy (also known as fluorimetry or spectrofluorometry) is a type of electromagnetic spectroscopy that analyzes fluorescence from a sample. It involves using a beam of light, usually ultraviolet light , that excites the electrons in molecules of certain compounds and causes them to emit light; typically, but not necessarily ...
Flow cytometry (FC) is a technique used to detect and measure the physical and chemical characteristics of a population of cells or particles. [1] [2] [3] [4]In this process, a sample containing cells or particles is suspended in a fluid and injected into the flow cytometer instrument.
Fluorescein has often been used to track water movement in groundwater to study water flow and observe areas of contamination or obstruction in these systems. The fluorescence that is created by the dye makes problem areas more visible and easily identified. A similar concept can be applied to plants because the dye can make problems in plant ...
A water tunnel is an experimental facility used for testing the hydrodynamic behavior of submerged bodies in flowing water. It functions similar to a recirculating wind tunnel , but uses water as the working fluid, and related phenomena are investigated, such as measuring the forces on scale models of submarines or lift and drag on hydrofoils .
Hypothetical dynamic light scattering of two samples: Larger particles on the top and smaller particles on the bottom. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) is a technique in physics that can be used to determine the size distribution profile of small particles in suspension or polymers in solution. [1]