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Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an infection of the brain caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). [3] While most infections result in little or no symptoms, occasional inflammation of the brain occurs. [3] In these cases, symptoms may include headache, vomiting, fever, confusion and seizures. [1] This occurs about 5 to 15 days after ...
Eastern equine encephalitis, Japanese encephalitis, Venezuelan equine encephalitis, and Western equine encephalitis: a group of viral illnesses that can affect horses and humans; collectively termed Equine encephalitis. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of brain inflammation.
[1] [6] Complications may include seizures, hallucinations, trouble speaking, memory problems, and problems with hearing. [1] Causes of encephalitis include viruses such as herpes simplex virus and rabies virus as well as bacteria, fungi, or parasites. [1] [2] Other causes include autoimmune diseases and certain medications. [2]
The most globally widespread is the cosmopolitan subtype A, which further branches into several subgroups: transcontinental, Japanese, West African, North African, Senegalese, and Afro-Peruvian. [9] While subtypes B, D, E, F, and G are localized to distinct regions in Africa, subtype C is predominant in Australia and Oceania.
Viral encephalitis can be diagnosed based on the individual's symptoms, personal history, such as travel history, and different clinical tests such as histology, medical imaging, and lumbar punctures. A differential diagnosis can also be done to rule out other causes of the encephalitis. Many encephalitic viruses often have characteristic ...
Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) and Western equine encephalitis (WEE) occur in the United States where they cause disease in humans, horses, and some bird species. Because of the high mortality rate, EEE and WEE are regarded as two of the most serious mosquito-borne diseases in the United States.
In the Japanese movie called The 8-Year Engagement, a young Japanese woman ends up being in a coma due to anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. Knut, a polar bear at the Berlin Zoological Garden that died on 19 March 2011, was diagnosed with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis in August 2015. This was the first case discovered in a non-human animal.
Anti-Hu associated encephalitis, also known as Anti-ANNA1 associated encephalitis, is an uncommon form of brain inflammation that is associated with an underlying cancer. It can cause psychiatric symptoms such as depression , anxiety , and hallucinations . [ 1 ]