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Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA for the purpose of gene expression. Some segments of DNA are transcribed into RNA molecules that can encode proteins, called messenger RNA (mRNA). Other segments of DNA are transcribed into RNA molecules called non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs).
The word transcriptome is a portmanteau of the words transcript and genome.It appeared along with other neologisms formed using the suffixes -ome and -omics to denote all studies conducted on a genome-wide scale in the fields of life sciences and technology.
RNA-Seq (named as an abbreviation of RNA sequencing) is a technique that uses next-generation sequencing to reveal the presence and quantity of RNA molecules in a biological sample, providing a snapshot of gene expression in the sample, also known as transcriptome. [2] [3]
The tag frequency can be used to report on transcription of the gene that the tag came from. [ 51 ] Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) was a development of EST methodology to increase the throughput of the tags generated and allow some quantitation of transcript abundance.
Spatial transcriptomics, or spatially resolved transcriptomics, is a method that captures positional context of transcriptional activity within intact tissue. [1] The historical precursor to spatial transcriptomics is in situ hybridization, [2] where the modernized omics terminology refers to the measurement of all the mRNA in a cell rather than select RNA targets.
All these steps involve a series of interactions to initiate and complete the transcription of DNA in the nucleus of eukaryotes. Certain factors play key roles in the activation and inhibition of transcription, where they regulate primary transcript production. Transcription produces primary transcripts that are further modified by several ...
Transcription (linguistics), the representations of speech or signing in written form Orthographic transcription, a transcription method that employs the standard spelling system of each target language; Phonetic transcription, the representation of specific speech sounds or sign components; service and software
General transcription factors bind to the promoter. When a transcription factor is activated by a signal (here indicated as phosphorylation shown by a small red star on a transcription factor on the enhancer) the enhancer is activated and can now activate its target promoter. The active enhancer is transcribed on each strand of DNA in opposite ...