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  2. Linear equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_equation

    Vertical line of equation x = a Horizontal line of equation y = b. Each solution (x, y) of a linear equation + + = may be viewed as the Cartesian coordinates of a point in the Euclidean plane. With this interpretation, all solutions of the equation form a line, provided that a and b are not both zero. Conversely, every line is the set of all ...

  3. Distance from a point to a line - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../Distance_from_a_point_to_a_line

    The line with equation ax + by + c = 0 has slope -a/b, so any line perpendicular to it will have slope b/a (the negative reciprocal). Let (m, n) be the point of intersection of the line ax + by + c = 0 and the line perpendicular to it which passes through the point (x 0, y 0). The line through these two points is perpendicular to the original ...

  4. Matrix pencil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_pencil

    Matrix pencils play an important role in numerical linear algebra.The problem of finding the eigenvalues of a pencil is called the generalized eigenvalue problem.The most popular algorithm for this task is the QZ algorithm, which is an implicit version of the QR algorithm to solve the eigenvalue problem = without inverting the matrix (which is impossible when is singular, or numerically ...

  5. Coin problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coin_problem

    Frobenius coin problem with 2-pence and 5-pence coins visualised as graphs: Sloping lines denote graphs of 2x+5y=n where n is the total in pence, and x and y are the non-negative number of 2p and 5p coins, respectively. A point on a line gives a combination of 2p and 5p for its given total (green).

  6. Technical pen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technical_pen

    Text (produced by an ISO stencil template for use with the technical pens) of 5 mm in height has a stroke or line thickness of 0.5 mm, and so requires a brown-nibbed 0.5 mm pen. If this text were used in an ISO-sized document (e.g. A0), and the document were reproduced at half its original height (A2), the text would be rendered 2.5 mm high ...

  7. Piecewise linear function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piecewise_linear_function

    The graph of this function is shown to the right. Since the graph of an affine(*) function is a line, the graph of a piecewise linear function consists of line segments and rays. The x values (in the above example −3, 0, and 3) where the slope changes are typically called breakpoints, changepoints, threshold values or knots. As in many ...

  8. Moore–Penrose inverse - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore–Penrose_inverse

    A common use of the pseudoinverse is to compute a "best fit" (least squares) approximate solution to a system of linear equations that lacks an exact solution (see below under § Applications). Another use is to find the minimum norm solution to a system of linear equations with multiple solutions. The pseudoinverse facilitates the statement ...

  9. Line (geometry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_(geometry)

    (x 0, y 0, z 0) is any point on the line. a, b, and c are related to the slope of the line, such that the direction vector (a, b, c) is parallel to the line. Parametric equations for lines in higher dimensions are similar in that they are based on the specification of one point on the line and a direction vector.