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  2. Compositional data - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compositional_data

    In geology, a rock composed of different minerals may be a compositional data point in a sample of rocks; a rock of which 10% is the first mineral, 30% is the second, and the remaining 60% is the third would correspond to the triple [0.1, 0.3, 0.6]. A data set would contain one such triple for each rock in a sample of rocks.

  3. Sieve analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sieve_analysis

    A sieve analysis (or gradation test) is a practice or procedure used in geology, civil engineering, [1] and chemical engineering [2] to assess the particle size distribution (also called gradation) of a granular material by allowing the material to pass through a series of sieves of progressively smaller mesh size and weighing the amount of material that is stopped by each sieve as a fraction ...

  4. Seatearth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seatearth

    Flint clays associated with coal typically occur as thin, laterally continuous layers (bands), called "tonsteins", found within coal beds. In the case of tonsteins found within coal, the formation of flint clays resulted from the alternation of glass comprising volcanic ash by acidic waters after it accumulated as thin beds within peat swamps ...

  5. Fineness modulus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fineness_modulus

    The Fineness Modulus (FM) is an empirical figure obtained by adding the total percentage of the sample of an aggregate retained on each of a specified series of sieves, dividing the sum by 100. Sieves sizes are: 150-μm (No. 100), 300-μm (No. 50), 600-μm (No. 30), 1.18-mm (No. 16), 2.36-mm (No. 8), 4.75-mm (No. 4), 9.5-mm (3/8-in.), 19.0-mm ...

  6. Aggregate (composite) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aggregate_(composite)

    Grinding concrete exposes aggregate stones.. Aggregate is the component of a composite material that resists compressive stress and provides bulk to the material. For efficient filling, aggregate should be much smaller than the finished item, but have a wide variety of sizes.

  7. Soil aggregate stability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_Aggregate_Stability

    Soil sieve nests with dry soil aggregates after removal from a laboratory drying oven. Soil aggregate stability is a measure of the ability of soil aggregates—soil particles that bind together—to resist breaking apart when exposed to external forces such as water erosion and wind erosion, shrinking and swelling processes, and tillage.

  8. Lime mortar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lime_mortar

    The lime putty, when mixed at a 1:3 ratio, fills these voids to create a compact mortar. Analysis of mortar samples from historic buildings typically indicates a higher ratio of around 1 part lime putty to 1.5 part [18] aggregate/sand was commonly used. This equates to approximately 1 part dry quicklime to 3 parts sand.

  9. Concretion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concretion

    Concretions in Torysh, Western Kazakhstan Concretions with lens shape from island in Vltava river, Prague, Czech Republic Marlstone aggregate concretion, Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan, United States A concretion is a hard and compact mass formed by the precipitation of mineral cement within the spaces between particles, and is found in sedimentary ...