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The exchange reaction can be followed using a variety of methods (see Detection). Since this exchange is an equilibrium reaction, the molar amount of deuterium should be high compared to the exchangeable protons of the substrate. For instance, deuterium is added to a protein in H 2 O by diluting the H 2 O solution with D 2 O (e.g. tenfold ...
The deuterium isotope effect has become an important tool in the elucidation of the mechanism of chemical reactions. Deuterium contains one proton, one electron, and a neutron, effectively doubling the mass of the deuterium isotope without changing its properties significantly.
There is an even higher-yield 2 H– 3 He fusion reaction, though the breakeven point of 2 H– 3 He is higher than that of most other fusion reactions; together with the scarcity of 3 He, this makes it implausible as a practical power source, at least until DT and deuterium–deuterium (DD) fusion have been performed on a commercial scale ...
Deuterated acetone is prepared by the reaction of acetone with heavy water, 2 H 2 O or D 2 O, in the presence of a base. In this case, the base used is deuterated lithium hydroxide : [ 1 ] In order to fully deuterate the acetone, the process is repeated several times, distilling off the acetone from the heavy water, and re-running the reaction ...
Hypersensitive response (HR) is a mechanism used by plants to prevent the spread of infection by microbial pathogens.HR is characterized by the rapid death of cells in the local region surrounding an infection and it serves to restrict the growth and spread of pathogens to other parts of the plant.
The Catellani reaction was discovered by Marta Catellani (Università degli Studi di Parma, Italy) and co-workers in 1997. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The reaction uses aryl iodides to perform bi- or tri-functionalization, including C-H functionalization of the unsubstituted ortho position(s) , followed a terminating cross-coupling reaction at the ipso position .
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Deuterated benzene will undergo all the same reactions its normal analogue will, just a little more slowly due to the kinetic isotope effect. For example, deuterated benzene could be used in the synthesis of deuterated benzoic acid, if desired: