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The vernacular language of Rome, of which the short Commodilla catacomb inscription (9 th century CE) might be considered the earliest attestation, [1] is believed to have been regarded as low-prestige, [2]: 10 as can be seen in the 11 th-century Saint Clement and Sisinnius inscription, featuring a dialogue wherein the saint is given higher moral ground by juxtaposing his liturgical language ...
Judeo-Roman (Italian: Giudaico-Romanesco) or Italkit is the only still living dialect of the Judeo-Italian languages, historically used by the Jews living in Rome. [1] It is spoken by 250 people, most of whom live in Italy. The language is on the decline and most of its remaining speakers are elderly. [1]
Trilussa was the third great dialect Roman poet to appear on the scene from the nineteenth century onwards: while Belli, with his expressive realism, drew fully from the language of the lowest strata and turned it into short, memorable sonnets, Pascarella proposed the language of the United Italy commoner, who typically aspires to culture and ...
The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (abbreviated AHD) uses a phonetic notation based on the Latin alphabet to transcribe the pronunciation of spoken English. It and similar respelling systems, such as those used by the Merriam-Webster and Random House dictionaries, are familiar to US schoolchildren.
Judeo-Italian (or Judaeo-Italian, Judæo-Italian, and other names including Italkian) is a groups of endangered and extinct Jewish dialects, with only about 200 speakers in Italy and 250 total speakers today. [2]
It is found in many dictionaries, where it is used to indicate the pronunciation of words, but most American dictionaries for native English-speakers, e.g., American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Random House Dictionary of the English Language, Webster's Third New International Dictionary, avoid phonetic transcription and instead ...
As the language continued to be used as a classical language, lingua franca and liturgical language long after it ceased being a native language, pronunciation and – to a lesser extent – spelling diverged significantly from the classical standard with Latin words being pronounced differently by native speakers of different languages.
Square brackets are used with phonetic notation, whether broad or narrow [17] – that is, for actual pronunciation, possibly including details of the pronunciation that may not be used for distinguishing words in the language being transcribed, but which the author nonetheless wishes to document. Such phonetic notation is the primary function ...