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Overview of eukaryotic gene regulation and how different genes are expressed in various cell types.
Overview: Eukaryotic gene regulation. Transcription factors. Regulation after transcription. Gene regulation in eukaryotes.
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Chromatin regulation and DNA methylation are two ways to regulate genes. Chromatin regulation involves histone modifications, while DNA methylation adds methyl groups. Both are examples of epigenetic regulation and are crucial for proper cell function.
Prokaryotes rely on gene regulation for environmental adaptation, while eukaryotes have more complex interactions and a nuclear envelope for added control. Understanding gene expression is crucial for studying cellular processes and responses.
Transcription of a gene takes place in three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination. Here, we will briefly see how these steps happen in bacteria. You can learn more about the details of each stage (and about how eukaryotic transcription is different) in the stages of transcription article.
In the articles that follow, we’ll examine different forms of eukaryotic gene regulation. That is, we'll see how the expression of genes in eukaryotes (like us!) can be controlled at various stages, from the availability of DNA to the production of mRNAs to the translation and processing of proteins.
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DNA regulation controls gene expression in cells, allowing different cell types to perform unique functions despite having the same DNA. Prokaryotes, like bacteria, use operons, which consist of a promoter and multiple genes.
Molecular structure of RNA. Nucleic acids. Transcription and mRNA processing. Post-transcriptional regulation. Eukaryotic gene transcription: Going from DNA to mRNA.