Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
A common table expression, or CTE, (in SQL) is a temporary named result set, derived from a simple query and defined within the execution scope of a SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statement. CTEs can be thought of as alternatives to derived tables , views, and inline user-defined functions.
Since 1999 the SQL standard allows WITH clauses for subqueries, i.e. named subqueries, usually called common table expressions (also called subquery factoring). CTEs can also be recursive by referring to themselves; the resulting mechanism allows tree or graph traversals (when represented as relations), and more generally fixpoint computations.
In XML, operations such as determining whether one element contains another are extremely common, and the recursive join is perhaps the most obvious way to implement them when the XML data is stored in a relational database. The standard way to define recursive joins in the SQL:1999 standard is by way of recursive common table expressions.
[2] [3] [4] A function in an SQL Where clause can result in the database ignoring relatively compact table indexes. The database may read and inner join the selected columns from both tables before reducing the number of rows using the filter that depends on a calculated value, resulting in a relatively enormous amount of inefficient processing.
SELECT list is the list of columns or SQL expressions to be returned by the query. This is approximately the relational algebra projection operation. AS optionally provides an alias for each column or expression in the SELECT list. This is the relational algebra rename operation. FROM specifies from which table to get the data. [3]
The SQL:1999 standard calls for a Boolean type, [1] but many commercial SQL servers (Oracle Database, IBM Db2) do not support it as a column type, variable type or allow it in the results set. Microsoft SQL Server is one of the few database systems that properly supports BOOLEAN values using its "BIT" data type [citation needed]. Every 1–8 ...
John Calipari recently likened playing in the SEC this season to sitting down at a poker table full of sharks. The Arkansas coach told reporters that he scanned the league standings from top to ...
SQL was initially developed at IBM by Donald D. Chamberlin and Raymond F. Boyce after learning about the relational model from Edgar F. Codd [12] in the early 1970s. [13] This version, initially called SEQUEL (Structured English Query Language), was designed to manipulate and retrieve data stored in IBM's original quasirelational database management system, System R, which a group at IBM San ...