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It can also occur in patients with increased hydrostatic venous pressure or decreased oncotic venous pressure, due to obstruction of lymphatic or venous vessels draining the lower extremity. Certain drugs (for example, amlodipine) can cause pedal edema. Cerebral edema is extracellular fluid accumulation in the brain. [1]
Peripheral edema is edema (accumulation of fluid causing swelling) in tissues perfused by the peripheral vascular system, usually in the lower limbs. In the most dependent parts of the body (those hanging distally ), it may be called dependent edema.
Amlodipine works partly by vasodilation (relaxing the arteries and increasing their diameter). [10] It is a long-acting calcium channel blocker of the dihydropyridine type. [10] Amlodipine was patented in 1982, and approved for medical use in 1990. [12] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [13]
Lower left abdominal pain can have many causes, ranging from minor to serious, says Andrew Boxer, M.D., gastroenterologist of Gastroenterology Associates of New Jersey. Common causes include ...
The symptoms of TACO can include shortness of breath , low blood oxygen levels , leg swelling (peripheral edema), high blood pressure (hypertension), and a high heart rate (tachycardia). [ 3 ] It can occur due to a rapid transfusion of a large volume of blood but can also occur during a single red blood cell transfusion (about 15% of cases). [ 2 ]
The largest study, Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT) in 2002, concluded that chlorthalidone (a thiazide-like diuretic) was as effective as lisinopril (an ACEi) or amlodipine (a calcium channel blocker). [17] (ALLHAT showed that doxazosin, an alpha-adrenergic receptor blocker, had a higher ...
Patients with upper-extremity DVT may develop upper-extremity PTS, but the incidence is lower than that for lower-extremity PTS (15–25%). [ 22 ] [ 23 ] No treatment or prevention methods are established, but patients with upper-extremity PTS may wear a compression sleeve for persistent symptoms.
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