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Aquatint is an intaglio printmaking technique, a variant of etching that produces areas of tone rather than lines. For this reason it has mostly been used in conjunction with etching, to give both lines and shaded tone. [ 1 ]
The main techniques used, in order of their introduction, are woodcut, engraving, etching, mezzotint and aquatint, although there are others. Different techniques are often combined in a single print.
Woodcut, a type of relief print, is the earliest printmaking technique. It was probably first developed as a means of printing patterns on cloth, and by the 5th century was used in China for printing text and images on paper. [1] Woodcuts of images on paper developed around 1400 in Europe, and slightly later in Japan. [2]
The most commonly used graphic methods were woodcut, lithography, etching and silkscreen printing, and new techniques such as color aquatint were developed. [2] The offset printing also emerged, which revolutionized graphic art. Offset is a process similar to lithography, consisting of applying an ink on a metal plate, usually aluminum.
After the decline of the main relief technique of woodcut around 1550, the intaglio techniques dominated both artistic printmaking as well as most types of illustration and popular prints until the mid 19th century. [5] The word "intaglio" describes prints created from plates where the ink-bearing regions are recessed beneath the plate's ...
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Johann Theodor de Bry En (later in Germany, also publisher); Jan Van Calcar Wo; Hieronymus Cock En, Et, Publisher; Hans Collaert En, son of Adriaen; Cornelis Cort En; Philippe Galle En, Publisher, and his heirs, including Adriaen Collaert.