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The Lanchester-Prandtl lifting-line theory [1] is a mathematical model in aerodynamics that predicts lift distribution over a three-dimensional wing from the wing's geometry. [2] The theory was expressed independently [3] by Frederick W. Lanchester in 1907, [4] and by Ludwig Prandtl in 1918–1919 [5] after working with Albert Betz and Max Munk ...
An elliptical spanwise lift distribution cannot be achieved by an untwisted wing with an elliptical planform because there is a logarithmic term in the lift distribution that becomes important near the wing tips. [4] Elliptical wing planforms are more difficult to manufacture. [5]
The acronym is a reference to early German Aerospace Engineer Ludwig Prandtl, whose theory of the bell-shaped lift distribution deeply influenced Bowers. [ 2 ] The Prandtl-D1 and the Prandtl-D3 models are preserved in the National Air and Space Museum and the California Science Center , respectively.
The ideal lift distribution across a wing is elliptical, and extending partial-span flaps causes a significant departure from the elliptical. This increases lift-induced drag which can be beneficial during approach and landing because it allows the aircraft to descend at a steeper angle. Extending the wing flaps increases the camber or ...
A realistic lift distribution causes the shedding of a complex vorticity pattern behind the aircraft. The horseshoe vortex model is a simplified representation of the vortex system present in the flow of air around a wing .
Paraglider wing, in which a load is distributed by multiple strings, but without rigid elements. PLate OPtimizer, CAD program for distribution of whippletree support elements in telescope mirror cell design; Proteus (WAM-V), catamaran with whippletree suspension; Rocker-bogie, the whippletree applied to Mars rover suspension. Swingletree
The Oswald efficiency, similar to the span efficiency, is a correction factor that represents the change in drag with lift of a three-dimensional wing or airplane, as compared with an ideal wing having the same aspect ratio and an elliptical lift distribution. [1]
Ludwig Prandtl (4 February 1875 – 15 August 1953) [1] was a German fluid dynamicist, physicist and aerospace scientist. He was a pioneer in the development of rigorous systematic mathematical analyses which he used for underlying the science of aerodynamics, which have come to form the basis of the applied science of aeronautical engineering. [2]