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  2. HIV integration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV_integration

    HIV is a retrovirus, which comprise a large and diverse family of RNA viruses that make a DNA copy of their RNA genome after infection of a host cell. An essential step in the replication cycle of HIV-1 and other retroviruses is the integration of this viral DNA into the host DNA. The RNA genome of progeny virions and the template for ...

  3. Reverse transcriptase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_transcriptase

    A reverse transcriptase (RT) is an enzyme used to convert RNA genome to DNA, a process termed reverse transcription.Reverse transcriptases are used by viruses such as HIV and hepatitis B to replicate their genomes, by retrotransposon mobile genetic elements to proliferate within the host genome, and by eukaryotic cells to extend the telomeres at the ends of their linear chromosomes.

  4. HIV/AIDS - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV/AIDS

    HIV/AIDS explained in a simple way HIV replication cycle. After the virus enters the body, there is a period of rapid viral replication, leading to an abundance of virus in the peripheral blood. During primary infection, the level of HIV may reach several million virus particles per milliliter of blood. [101]

  5. Viral replication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viral_replication

    The fourth step in the viral cycle is replication, which is defined by the rapid production of the viral genome. How a virus undergoes replication relies on the type of genetic material the virus possesses. Based on their genetic material, viruses will hijack the corresponding cellular machinery for said genetic material.

  6. Integrase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrase

    The main function of IN is to insert the viral DNA into the host chromosomal DNA, an essential step for HIV replication. Integration is a "point of no return" for the cell, which becomes a permanent carrier of the viral genome (provirus). Integration is in part responsible for the persistence of retroviral infections. [10]

  7. Retrovirus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retrovirus

    HIV retrovirus schematic of cell infection, virus production and virus structure ... The first step of replication is the binding of the glycoprotein to the receptor ...

  8. Structure and genome of HIV - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structure_and_genome_of_HIV

    The genome and proteins of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) have been the subject of extensive research since the discovery of the virus in 1983. [1] [2] "In the search for the causative agent, it was initially believed that the virus was a form of the Human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV), which was known at the time to affect the human immune system and cause certain leukemias.

  9. HIV - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV

    The α-chemokine SDF-1, a ligand for CXCR4, suppresses replication of T-tropic HIV-1 isolates. It does this by down-regulating the expression of CXCR4 on the surface of HIV target cells. M-tropic HIV-1 isolates that use only the CCR5 receptor are termed R5; those that use only CXCR4 are termed X4, and those that use both, X4R5.