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  2. Clock rate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clock_rate

    The clock rate of a CPU is normally determined by the frequency of an oscillator crystal. Typically a crystal oscillator produces a fixed sine wave —the frequency reference signal. Electronic circuitry translates that into a square wave at the same frequency for digital electronics applications (or, when using a CPU multiplier , some fixed ...

  3. CPU multiplier - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPU_multiplier

    In PCs, the CPU's external address and data buses connect the CPU to the rest of the system via the "northbridge". Nearly every desktop CPU produced since the introduction of the 486DX2 in 1992 has employed a clock multiplier to run its internal logic at a higher frequency than its external bus, but still remain synchronous with it. This ...

  4. Instructions per second - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instructions_per_second

    Processor / System Dhrystone MIPS or MIPS, and frequency D instructions per clock cycle D instructions per clock cycle per core Year Source LINKS-1 Computer Graphics System (257-processor) 642.5 MIPS at 10 MHz: 2.5: 0.25: 1982 [98] Sega System 16 (4-processor) 16.33 MIPS at 10 MHz: 4.083: 1.020: 1985 [99] Namco System 21 (10-processor) 73.927 ...

  5. Instructions per cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instructions_per_cycle

    The number of instructions per second is an approximate indicator of the likely performance of the processor. The number of instructions executed per clock is not a constant for a given processor; it depends on how the particular software being run interacts with the processor, and indeed the entire machine, particularly the memory hierarchy.

  6. Multithreading (computer architecture) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multithreading_(computer...

    A process with two threads of execution, running on a single processor . In computer architecture, multithreading is the ability of a central processing unit (CPU) (or a single core in a multi-core processor) to provide multiple threads of execution.

  7. Dynamic frequency scaling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_frequency_scaling

    Dynamic frequency scaling (also known as CPU throttling) is a power management technique in computer architecture whereby the frequency of a microprocessor can be automatically adjusted "on the fly" depending on the actual needs, to conserve power and reduce the amount of heat generated by the chip.

  8. Frequency scaling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency_scaling

    In computer architecture, frequency scaling (also known as frequency ramping) is the technique of increasing a processor's frequency so as to enhance the performance of the system containing the processor in question. Frequency ramping was the dominant force in commodity processor performance increases from the mid-1980s until roughly the end ...

  9. Haswell (microarchitecture) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haswell_(microarchitecture)

    When a cooler or quieter mode of operation is desired, this mode specifies a lower TDP and lower guaranteed frequency versus the nominal mode. [101]: 71–72 This is the processor's rated frequency and TDP. [101]: 71–72 When extra cooling is available, this mode specifies a higher TDP and higher guaranteed frequency versus the nominal mode.