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  2. List of file signatures - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_file_signatures

    In the table below, the column "ISO 8859-1" shows how the file signature appears when interpreted as text in the common ISO 8859-1 encoding, with unprintable characters represented as the control code abbreviation or symbol, or codepage 1252 character where available, or a box otherwise. In some cases the space character is shown as ␠.

  3. Morphological skeleton - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphological_skeleton

    The image to the right shows the extent of what skeleton morphology can accomplish. Given a partial image, it is possible to extract a much fuller picture. Properly pre-processing the image with a simple Auto Threshold grayscale to binary converter will give the skeletonization function an easier time thinning.

  4. Canonical Huffman code - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canonical_Huffman_code

    To make the code a canonical Huffman code, the codes are renumbered. The bit lengths stay the same with the code book being sorted first by codeword length and secondly by alphabetical value of the letter: B = 0 A = 11 C = 101 D = 100 Each of the existing codes are replaced with a new one of the same length, using the following algorithm:

  5. Digitization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digitization

    The term digitization is often used when diverse forms of information, such as an object, text, sound, image, or voice, are converted into a single binary code.The core of the process is the compromise between the capturing device and the player device so that the rendered result represents the original source with the most possible fidelity, and the advantage of digitization is the speed and ...

  6. Base64 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base64

    Base64 is particularly prevalent on the World Wide Web [1] where one of its uses is the ability to embed image files or other binary assets inside textual assets such as HTML and CSS files. [ 2 ] Base64 is also widely used for sending e-mail attachments, because SMTP – in its original form – was designed to transport 7-bit ASCII characters ...

  7. Binary image - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_image

    A binary image can be stored in memory as a bitmap: a packed array of bits. A binary image of 640×480 pixels has a file size of only 37.5 KiB, and most also compress well with simple run-length compression. A binary image format is often used in contexts where it is important to have a small file size for transmission or storage, or due to ...

  8. Local ternary patterns - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_ternary_patterns

    Local ternary patterns (LTP) are an extension of local binary patterns (LBP). [1] [2] Unlike LBP, it does not threshold the pixels into 0 and 1, rather it uses a threshold constant to threshold pixels into three values. Considering k as the threshold constant, c as the value of the center pixel, a neighboring pixel p, the result of threshold is:

  9. Shannon–Fano coding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shannon–Fano_coding

    Shannon–Fano codes are suboptimal in the sense that they do not always achieve the lowest possible expected codeword length, as Huffman coding does. [1] However, Shannon–Fano codes have an expected codeword length within 1 bit of optimal. Fano's method usually produces encoding with shorter expected lengths than Shannon's method.