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Diesel engines are typically well suited to turbocharging due to two factors: A "lean" air–fuel ratio, caused when the turbocharger supplies excess air into the engine, is not a problem for diesel engines, because the torque control is dependent on the mass of fuel that is injected into the combustion chamber (i.e. air-fuel ratio), rather than the quantity of the air-fuel mixture.
1952 Shell Oil film showing the development of the diesel engine from 1877. The diesel engine, named after the German engineer Rudolf Diesel, is an internal combustion engine in which ignition of the fuel is caused by the elevated temperature of the air in the cylinder due to mechanical compression; thus, the diesel engine is called a compression-ignition engine (CI engine).
However, a real diesel engine will be more efficient overall since it will have the ability to operate at higher compression ratios. If a petrol engine were to have the same compression ratio, then knocking (self-ignition) would occur and this would severely reduce the efficiency, whereas in a diesel engine, the self ignition is the desired ...
Over a period of time, Detroit Diesel continued to further evolve the design of the engine. They finally brought the engine up to 137.5 hp (102.5 kW) per cylinder and 406 lb⋅ft (550 N⋅m) torque per cylinder; needless to say, this is a considerable amount of power coming from 149 cu in (2.4 L) per cylinder.
A British Rail Class 185 diesel hydraulic multiple unit operated by TransPennine Express at Manchester Piccadilly station, United Kingdom. A diesel multiple unit or DMU is a multiple-unit train powered by on-board diesel engines. A DMU requires no separate locomotive, as the engines are incorporated into one or more of the carriages.
The viscosity of diesel is 2.5–3.2 cSt at 40 °C and the viscosity of biodiesel made from soybean oil is between 4.2 and 4.6 cSt [153] The viscosity of diesel must be high enough to provide sufficient lubrication for the engine parts but low enough to flow at operational temperature.
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