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  2. pH indicator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PH_indicator

    pH indicators: a graphic view. A pH indicator is a halochromic chemical compound added in small amounts to a solution so the pH (acidity or basicity) of the solution can be determined visually or spectroscopically by changes in absorption and/or emission properties. [1]

  3. Red cabbage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_cabbage

    The juice of red cabbage can be used as a homemade pH indicator, turning red in acid and green/yellow in basic solutions. When cooking, red cabbage will normally turn blue; adding vinegar or acidic fruit to the pot is necessary to retain the cabbage's red colour. [4] Red cabbage needs well-fertilized soil and sufficient humidity to grow.

  4. Anthocyanin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthocyanin

    Anthocyanins may be used as pH indicators because their color changes with pH; they are red or pink in acidic solutions (pH < 7), purple in neutral solutions (pH ≈ 7), greenish-yellow in alkaline solutions (pH > 7), and colorless in very alkaline solutions, where the pigment is completely reduced. [57]

  5. Universal indicator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_indicator

    A roll of universal indicator pape Colors of universal indicator. A universal indicator is a pH indicator made of a solution of several compounds that exhibit various smooth colour changes over a wide range pH values to indicate the acidity or alkalinity of solutions. A universal indicator can be in paper form or present in a form of a solution ...

  6. Invisible ink - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invisible_ink

    Phenolphthalein, commonly used as a pH indicator, turns pink in the presence of a base such as ammonia fumes or sodium carbonate. Vinegar, is revealed by red cabbage water [12] Vinegar contains acetic acid that affects the pH indicator in red cabbage water. Vinegar may also be developed by heat. Ammonia, developed by red cabbage water.

  7. Litmus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litmus

    It is often absorbed onto filter paper to produce one of the oldest forms of pH indicator, used to test materials for acidity. In an acidic medium, blue litmus paper turns red, while in a basic or alkaline medium, red litmus paper turns blue. In short, it is a dye and indicator which is used to place substances on a pH scale.

  8. What Foods Will Be Impacted by FDA's Red Dye No. 3 Ban - AOL

    www.aol.com/foods-impacted-fdas-red-dye...

    A pile of candy corn, which contains Red Dye No. 3, in Westchester County, N.Y., Oct. 23, 2023. Credit - Julia Rubin—The Associated Press The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) banned the ...

  9. Cyanidin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyanidin

    It can also be found in other fruits such as apples and plums, and in red cabbage and red onion. It has a characteristic reddish-purple color, though this can change with pH; solutions of the compound are red at pH < 3, violet at pH 7-8, and blue at pH > 11. In certain fruits, the highest concentrations of cyanidin are found in the seeds and skin.