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The Republic of Formosa was a short-lived republic [1] [2] that existed on the island of Taiwan in 1895 between the formal cession of Taiwan by the Qing dynasty of China to the Empire of Japan in the Treaty of Shimonoseki and its being taken over by Japanese troops.
Taiwan, [II] [i] officially the Republic of China (ROC), [I] is a country [26] in East Asia. [l] The main island of Taiwan, also known as Formosa, lies between the East and South China Sea in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the northeast, and the Philippines to the south.
In the Late Pleistocene, sea levels were about 140 metres (460 ft) lower than at present, exposing the floor of the shallow Taiwan Strait as a land bridge. [6] A concentration of vertebrate fossils has been found in the channel between the Penghu Islands and Taiwan, including a partial jawbone designated Penghu 1, apparently belonging to a previously unknown species of genus Homo, dated ...
Islamic Republic of Pakistan (official, English), Federation of Pakistan (alternate official name, English), Dominion of Pakistan (historic official name, English), West Pakistan (common and later official name for the area now covering Pakistan, used when discussing the polity before the unilateral-secession of East Bengal/Bangladesh), Meluhha ...
The island of Taiwan, also known as Formosa, is the largest island and the main component of the ROC-controlled territories. Islands that are claimed by the ROC but not administered, including those under the control of the People's Republic of China , and those disputed with other countries such as Senkaku Islands and most of South China Sea ...
Whether the period should be called "Taiwan under Japanese rule" (Chinese: 日治時期) or "Taiwan under Japanese occupation" (Chinese: 日據時期) in Chinese is a controversial issue in Taiwan and highly depends on the speaker's political stance.
The exodus is sometimes called the Great Retreat (Chinese: 大撤退) in Taiwan. The Nationalist Kuomintang party (KMT), its officers, and approximately 2 million ROC troops took part in the retreat, in addition to many civilians and refugees, fleeing the advance of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).
Spanish Formosa (Spanish: Gobernación de Hermosa española) was a small colony of the Spanish Empire established in the northern tip of the island now known as Taiwan, then known to Europeans at the time as Formosa or to Spaniards as "Isla Hermosa" from 1626 to 1642. It was ceded to the Dutch Republic during the Eighty Years' War.