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Prizes are often awarded for the solution to a long-standing problem, and some lists of unsolved problems, such as the Millennium Prize Problems, receive considerable attention. This list is a composite of notable unsolved problems mentioned in previously published lists, including but not limited to lists considered authoritative, and the ...
Landau's fourth problem asked whether there are infinitely many primes which are of the form = + for integer n. (The list of known primes of this form is A002496 .) The existence of infinitely many such primes would follow as a consequence of other number-theoretic conjectures such as the Bunyakovsky conjecture and Bateman–Horn conjecture .
For functions in certain classes, the problem of determining: whether two functions are equal, known as the zero-equivalence problem (see Richardson's theorem); [4] the zeroes of a function; whether the indefinite integral of a function is also in the class. [5] Of course, some subclasses of these problems are decidable.
A decision problem is a question which, for every input in some infinite set of inputs, answers "yes" or "no". [2] Those inputs can be numbers (for example, the decision problem "is the input a prime number?") or values of some other kind, such as strings of a formal language.
Goldbach's conjecture is one of the oldest and best-known unsolved problems in number theory and all of mathematics.It states that every even natural number greater than 2 is the sum of two prime numbers.
All of these three solutions contain one prime number. The first solution with no prime number is the fourth which appears at X + Y ≤ 2522 or higher with values X = 16 = 2·2·2·2 and Y = 111 = 3·37. If the condition Y > X > 1 is changed to Y > X > 2, there is a unique solution for thresholds X + Y ≤ t for 124 < t < 5045, after which ...
Oppermann's conjecture is an unsolved problem in mathematics on the distribution of prime numbers. [1] It is closely related to but stronger than Legendre's conjecture, Andrica's conjecture, and Brocard's conjecture. It is named after Danish mathematician Ludvig Oppermann, who announced it in an unpublished lecture in March 1877. [2]
The question is whether or not, for all problems for which an algorithm can verify a given solution quickly (that is, in polynomial time), an algorithm can also find that solution quickly. Since the former describes the class of problems termed NP, while the latter describes P, the question is equivalent to asking whether all problems in NP are ...