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Cerebral edema is commonly seen in a variety of brain injuries including ischemic stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, subdural, epidural, or intracerebral hematoma, hydrocephalus, brain cancer, brain infections, low blood sodium levels, high altitude, and acute liver failure.
Causes of death for the 101 patients who died within the 3-week period included cerebral edema, multiorgan failure, sepsis, cardiac arrhythmia or arrest and respiratory failure. The median time to death after admission was 5 days.
In a small proportion of cases, the encephalopathy is caused directly by liver failure; this is more likely in acute liver failure. More commonly, especially in chronic liver disease, hepatic encephalopathy is triggered by an additional cause, and identifying these triggers can be important to treat the episode effectively. [4]
Reye syndrome is a rapidly worsening brain disease. [2] Symptoms of Reye syndrome may include vomiting, personality changes, confusion, seizures, and loss of consciousness. [1] While liver toxicity typically occurs in the syndrome, jaundice usually does not. [2]
Abdominal pain and swelling: Liver disease can cause inflammation and swelling in the liver, leading to discomfort or pain in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen.
Generalized brain swelling can occur in ischemic-anoxia states, acute liver failure, [9] hypertensive encephalopathy, hypercarbia (hypercapnia), and Reye hepatocerebral syndrome. These conditions tend to decrease the cerebral perfusion pressure but with minimal tissue shifts.
[1] [6] Up to 1% of children with DKA develop a complication known as cerebral edema. [2] Rates of cerebral edema in US children with DKA have risen from 0.4% in 2002 to 0.7% in 2012. [44] Between 2 and 5 out of 10 children who develop brain swelling will die as a result. [10]
The cause of death: cerebral edema, a swelling of the brain brought on after Lee had taken too much aspirin." It also mentioned that toward the end of his life, Lee had suffered "several public ...