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During the Cenozoic, mammals proliferated from a few small, simple, generalised forms into a diverse collection of terrestrial, marine, and flying animals, giving this period its other name, the Age of Mammals. The Cenozoic is just as much the age of savannas, the age of co-dependent flowering plants and insects, and the age of birds. [40]
The Quaternary (/ k w ə ˈ t ɜːr n ə r i, ˈ k w ɒ t ər n ɛr i / kwə-TUR-nə-ree, KWOT-ər-nerr-ee) is the current and most recent of the three periods of the Cenozoic Era in the geologic time scale of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS), as well as the current and most recent of the twelve periods of the Phanerozoic eon. [3]
Index fossils must have a short vertical range, wide geographic distribution and rapid evolutionary trends. Another term, "zone fossil", is used when the fossil has all the characters stated above except wide geographical distribution; thus, they correlate the surrounding rock to a biozone rather than a specific time period.
An approximate timescale of key Cenozoic events. Vertical axis scale: Millions of years ago The European Land Mammal Mega Zones (abbreviation: ELMMZ , more commonly known as European land mammal ages or ELMA ) are zones in rock layers that have a specific assemblage of fossils ( biozones ) based on occurrences of fossil assemblages of European ...
Prehistoric animals of the Cenozoic Era ... Quaternary animals (9 C) Pages in category "Cenozoic animals" This category contains only the following page.
A period is equivalent to a chronostratigraphic system. [14] [13] There are 22 defined periods, with the current being the Quaternary period. [2] As an exception, two subperiods are used for the Carboniferous Period. [14] An epoch is the second smallest geochronologic unit. It is equivalent to a chronostratigraphic series.
Quaternary animals of Oceania (6 C, 1 P) Quaternary animals of South America (4 C, 5 P) I. Quaternary invertebrates (4 C, 1 P) Q. Pleistocene animals (8 C, 3 P) V.
Tertiary (/ ˈ t ɜːr. ʃ ə. r i, ˈ t ɜː r. ʃ i ˌ ɛr. i / TUR-shə-ree, TUR-shee-err-ee) [1] is an obsolete term for the geologic period from 66 million to 2.6 million years ago. The period began with the extinction of the non-avian dinosaurs in the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, at the start of the Cenozoic Era, and extended to the beginning of the Quaternary glaciation at ...