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B-type inclusions, formerly known as Guarnieri bodies / ɡ w ɑːr n ˈ j ɛər i / are cellular features found upon microscopic inspection of epithelial cells of individuals suspected of having poxvirus [1] (e.g. smallpox [2] or vaccinia). In cells stained with eosin, they appear as pink blobs in the cytoplasm of affected epithelial cells.
He is credited with describing the inclusion bodies found in tissue cells in fowlpox. These bodies contain the fowlpox virus and are now referred to as Bollinger bodies . His name is also associated with "Bollinger granules", defined as small yellowish-white granules that cluster, contain micrococci , and are seen in the granulation tissue of ...
Inclusion bodies have a non-unit (single) lipid membrane [citation needed].Protein inclusion bodies are classically thought to contain misfolded protein.However, this has been contested, as green fluorescent protein will sometimes fluoresce in inclusion bodies, which indicates some resemblance of the native structure and researchers have recovered folded protein from inclusion bodies.
The inclusion bodies can first be identified by light microscopy in patient blood smears or stained sections of infected tissues. However, to fully characterize their composition, electron microscopy must be performed. Inclusion bodies may either be accumulation of virus replication byproducts or altered host cell organelles or structures. [3]
A viroplasm, sometimes called "virus factory" or "virus inclusion", [1] is an inclusion body in a cell where viral replication and assembly occurs. They may be thought of as viral factories in the cell. There are many viroplasms in one infected cell, where they appear dense to electron microscopy. Very little is understood about the mechanism ...
CPXV has two different types of inclusion bodies. All of the poxviruses have basophilic inclusions also called B-type inclusion bodies. The B-type inclusion bodies contain the factory where the virus produces necessary elements for the replication and maturation of the virion. CPXV has another inclusion body that is unique to only some ...
Downie bodies, also known as a type of A-type inclusion, [1] are a type of inclusion body (protein aggregates) associated with cowpox. [2] They are named for Allan Watt Downie. A Downie body is different from a Downey cell which is a reactive lymphocyte. They are named for Hal Downey. [3]
A subunit vaccine is a vaccine that contains purified parts of the pathogen that are antigenic, or necessary to elicit a protective immune response. [1] [2] Subunit vaccine can be made from dissembled viral particles in cell culture or recombinant DNA expression, [3] in which case it is a recombinant subunit vaccine.
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