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A common cause is a supracondylar fracture of the humerus. It can be corrected via a corrective osteotomy of the humerus and either internal or external fixation of the bone until union. [ 3 ]
Typical signs and symptoms include pain, swelling, bruising, and limited range of motion at the shoulder. Deformity may be present in severe fractures, however, musculature may cause absence of deformity on inspection. [8] Numbness over the outside part of the upper arm and deltoid muscle weakness may indicate axillary nerve injury. [8]
Long distance runners are at increased risk for pelvic, tibial (Figures 8 and 9), and fibular fractures. In the military, calcaneus (Figure 10) and metatarsals are the most commonly cited injuries, especially in new recruits. Billiard players are at risk for upper limb fractures (Figure 11). [1]
Clavicle fractures occur at 30–64 cases per 100,000 a year and are responsible for 2.6–5.0% of all fractures. [15] This type of fracture occurs more often in males. [ 15 ] About half of all clavicle fractures occur in children under the age of seven and is the most common pediatric fracture.
A humerus fracture is a break of the humerus bone in the upper arm. [1] Symptoms may include pain, swelling, and bruising. [1] There may be a decreased ability to move the arm and the person may present holding their elbow. [2] Complications may include injury to an artery or nerve, and compartment syndrome. [2]
A supracondylar humerus fracture is a fracture of the distal humerus just above the elbow joint. The fracture is usually transverse or oblique and above the medial and lateral condyles and epicondyles. This fracture pattern is relatively rare in adults, but is the most common type of elbow fracture in children. [1]
It can develop after traumatic injuries, like car accidents, gunshot wounds, fractures, or intense sports [26] [27]. Examples include a severe crush injury or an open or closed fracture of an extremity [27]. Rarely, ACS can develop after a minor injury or another medical issue. [28] It can also affect the thigh, buttock, hand, abdomen, and foot.
A distal radius fracture, also known as wrist fracture, is a break of the part of the radius bone which is close to the wrist. [1] Symptoms include pain, bruising, and rapid-onset swelling. [1] The ulna bone may also be broken. [1] In younger people, these fractures typically occur during sports or a motor vehicle collision. [2]