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Cases of serious toxicity have been reported in small children. [12] Amanita pantherina, while containing the same hallucinogens as Amanita muscaria (e.g., ibotenic acid and muscimol), has been more commonly associated with severe gastrointestinal upset than its better-known counterpart. [4]
Amanita muscaria, commonly known as the fly agaric or fly amanita, [5] is a basidiomycete of the genus Amanita. It is a large white- gilled , white-spotted, and usually red mushroom. Despite its easily distinguishable features, A. muscaria is a fungus with several known variations, or subspecies .
Amatoxins are extremely toxic to humans with Amanita phalloides and its variants making up many of the cases of fatal toxicity after consumption.These toxins have high heat stability and this property combined with their solubility in water make them exceptionally toxic as they are not destroyed by cooking or drying. [26]
Trace concentrations of muscarine are also found in Amanita muscaria, though the pharmacologically more relevant compound from this mushroom is the Z-drug-like alkaloid muscimol. A. muscaria fruitbodies contain a variable dose of muscarine, usually around 0.0003% fresh weight. This is very low and toxicity symptoms occur very rarely.
In L.A., two products did not contain any tryptamines but tested positive for muscimol, one of the compounds found in Amanita muscaria, a legal kind of hallucinogenic mushroom linked to ...
Amanita muscaria is edible if parboiled to leach out toxins; [19] fresh mushrooms cause vomiting, twitching, drowsiness, and hallucinations due to the presence of muscimol. Although present in A. muscaria, ibotenic acid is not in high enough concentration to produce any physical or psychological effects unless massive amounts are ingested.
Experts say the Amanita muscaria, a red and white psychoactive mushroom, earned its place in holiday decor through some surprising origins. (Photo: Getty Creative) (bbbrrn via Getty Images)
Amanita phalloides is the type species of Amanita section Phalloideae, a group that contains all of the deadly poisonous Amanita species thus far identified. Most notable of these are the species known as destroying angels , namely A. virosa , A. bisporigera and A. ocreata , as well as the fool's mushroom ( A. verna ) .