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A German folk tale, Hansel and Gretel; illustration by Arthur Rackham, 1909. Folklore is the body of expressive culture shared by a particular group of people, culture or subculture. [1] This includes oral traditions such as tales, myths, legends, proverbs, poems, jokes, and other oral traditions.
In folkloristics, morphology is the study of the structure of folklore and fairy tales.. Some pioneering work in this field was begun in the nineteenth century, such as Marian Roalfe Cox's work on Cinderella, Cinderella: Three Hundred and Forty-Five Variants of Cinderella, Catskin and, Cap O' Rushes, Abstracted and Tabulated with a Discussion of Medieval Analogues and Notes.
Folktales often share common motifs and themes, suggesting possible basic psychological similarities across various human cultures. Other stories, notably fairy tales , appear to have spread from place to place, implying memetic appeal and popularity.
Oral literature, orature, or folk literature is a genre of literature that is spoken or sung in contrast to that which is written, though much oral literature has been transcribed. [1]
The Aarne–Thompson–Uther Index (ATU Index) is a catalogue of folktale types used in folklore studies.The ATU index is the product of a series of revisions and expansions by an international group of scholars: Originally published in German by Finnish folklorist Antti Aarne (1910), [1] the index was translated into English, revised, and expanded by American folklorist Stith Thompson (1928 ...
The motif-index and the ATU indices are regarded as standard tools in the study of folklore. For example, folklorist Mary Beth Stein said that, "Together with Thompson's six-volume Motif-Index of Folk-Literature, with which it is cross-indexed, The Types of Folktale constitutes the most important reference work and research tool for comparative folk-tale analysis. [1]
Origin stories, explaining how a comic book hero or heroine came to have their special characteristics. Alamat, very loosely translated into "legend," are stories in Philippine folk literature which explain how things came to be. They normally involve people being transformed into animals and plants because of certain untoward habits they have.
Compared to the highly structured folktale, legend is comparatively amorphous, Helmut de Boor noted in 1928. [18] The narrative content of legend is in realistic mode, rather than the wry irony of folktale; [ 19 ] Wilhelm Heiske [ 20 ] remarked on the similarity of motifs in legend and folktale and concluded that, in spite of its realistic mode ...
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