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The Blalock–Thomas–Taussig shunt (BTT shunt), [1] previously known as the Blalock–Taussig Shunt (BT shunt), [2] is a surgical procedure used to increase blood flow to the lungs in some forms of congenital heart disease [3] such as pulmonary atresia and tetralogy of Fallot, which are common causes of blue baby syndrome. [3]
The bidirectional Glenn (BDG) shunt, or bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis, is a surgical technique used in pediatric cardiac surgery procedure used to temporarily improve blood oxygenation for patients with a congenital cardiac defect resulting in a single functional ventricle.
In cardiology, a cardiac shunt is a pattern of blood flow in the heart that deviates from the normal circuit of the circulatory system. It may be described as right-left , left-right or bidirectional, or as systemic-to-pulmonary or pulmonary-to-systemic .
Arrhythmias: Abnormal heart rhythms can occur due to the congenital defect or secondary to manipulation of cardiac tissue during surgery. [31] Shunt Obstruction: The shunt (mBTTs or Sano) placed during the Norwood procedure that re-establishes pulmonary circulation can become narrowed or obstructed, necessitating urgent intervention. [27]
The new operation not only directly saved thousands of lives, it marked the start of the modern era of cardiac surgery, as it was the first successful surgery on the human heart of the modern medical era. [1] [9] During his later years at Hopkins, Blalock continued his research on the heart and vascular surgery.
Two months after the surgery she was discharged from hospital. [2] However, she became cyanotic again a few months later and died shortly before her second birthday. [26] Despite Eileen's death, the operation was proof that the Blalock-Thomas-Taussig shunt could in principle be used to extend the lives of children with cyanotic heart disease.
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