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This gave an isophotal diameter for the Milky Way at 26.8 ± 1.1 kiloparsecs (87,400 ± 3,600 light-years), by assuming that the galactic disc is well represented by an exponential disc and adopting a central surface brightness of the galaxy (μ 0) of 22.1 ± 0.3 B-mag/arcsec −2 and a disk scale length (h) of 5.0 ± 0.5 kpc (16,300 ± 1,600 ly).
The Local Group is the galaxy group that includes the Milky Way, where Earth is located. It has a total diameter of roughly 3 megaparsecs (10 million light-years; 9 × 10 19 kilometres), [1] and a total mass of the order of 2 × 10 12 solar masses (4 × 10 42 kg). [2]
z=3.395 This is a radio galaxy. At the time of discovery, quasar Q0051-279 at z=4.43, discovered in 1987, was the most remote object known. In 1989, quasar PC 1158+4635 was discovered at z=4.73, making it the most remote object known. This was the first galaxy discovered above redshift 3. It was also the first galaxy found above redshift 2.
Galaxy Type Distance from Earth Magnitude Group Membership Notes Diameter (ly) Millions of light-years Mpc M m - Milky Way: SBbc 0.0265 (to the galactic center) [2] 0.008 [2] −20.8 [1] n/a Local Group: Home galaxy of Earth. Barred spiral galaxy. 87,400 ly 1 Ursa Major III: 0.033 0.010 [3] +2.2 [3] 18.87 [3] [NB 1] Local Group: Satellite of ...
The Milky Way's central black hole, known as Sagittarius A*, has a mass four million times greater than the Sun. As of March 2016, GN-z11 is the oldest and most distant observed galaxy with a comoving distance of 32 billion light-years from Earth, and observed as it existed just 400 million years after the Big Bang.
M82, a starburst galaxy that has ten times the star formation of a "normal" galaxy [111] Stars are created within galaxies from a reserve of cold gas that forms giant molecular clouds. Some galaxies have been observed to form stars at an exceptional rate, which is known as a starburst. If they continue to do so, they would consume their reserve ...
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Quadrants are described using ordinals—for example, "1st galactic quadrant", [1] "second galactic quadrant", [2] or "third quadrant of the Galaxy". [3] Viewing from the north galactic pole with 0 degrees (°) as the ray that runs starting from the Sun and through the galactic center, the quadrants are as follows (where l is galactic longitude):