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Tā moko is the permanent marking or tattooing as customarily practised by Māori, the indigenous people of New Zealand. It is one of the five main Polynesian tattoo styles (the other four are Marquesan, Samoan, Tahitian and Hawaiian). [1] Tohunga-tā-moko (tattooists) were considered tapu, or inviolable and sacred. [2]
Europeans began producing art in New Zealand as soon as they arrived, with many exploration ships including an artist to record newly discovered places, people, flora and fauna. The first European work of art made in New Zealand was a drawing by Isaac Gilsemans, the artist on Abel Tasman's expedition of 1642. [16] [17]
Toi moko, or mokomokai, are the preserved heads of Māori, the indigenous people of New Zealand, where the faces have been decorated by tā moko tattooing. They became valuable trade items during the Musket Wars of the early 19th century. Many toi moko were taken from their family and homeland as trophies.
The drawing depicts an unknown Māori man and Joseph Banks trading a crayfish for a piece of cloth. [1] [2] The drawing is referenced by Michel Tuffery in his work Tupaia's chart Cook and Banks/Tupaia's and Parkinson's paintbox. [3] The artist Sarah Munro created a series Trade Items which uses embroidery to reference Tupaia's drawing.
The Takiroa Historic Area features several Māori drawings made from ochre, bird fat, and charcoal. [2] [3] The subject matter present in the shelter is variable. Some drawings have been interpreted as people and animals, such as birds. [4] Depictions of European settlers are also apparent, which feature the likes of horses and ships. [4]
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The publication, Toi Tū Toi Ora: Contemporary Māori Art, was edited by Nigel Borell, designed by Tyrone Ohia and the layout by Katrina Duncan. [5]The publication won multiple awards, including Gold at the Best Design Awards 2022 (Designer's Institute of New Zealand) for 'Editorial and Books' along with Gold in the 'Toitanga' Maori design category.
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